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Register a new userExtraction and Determination of Polyphenols in Dry Olive Leaves using Ultrasound Apparatus
استخلاص و تقدير المركبات الفينولية في أوراق الزيتون الجافة باستخدام جهاز الموجات فوق الصوتية
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Tishreen University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2018
fields
Chemistry
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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تمت دراسة البولي فينولات الكلية في أوراق الزيتون التي جمعت من محافظة اللاذقية ( منطقة القرداحة ) حيث تم استخلاص المركبات الفينولية من أوراق الزيتون المجففة باستخدام طريقتي استخلاص و هما طريقة الاستخلاص بالنقع و طريقة الاستخلاص باستخدام جهاز الموجات فوق الصوتية, و قد تم في كل من الطريقتين دراسة تأثير تركيز مذيب الاستخلاص حيث تم الاستخلاص باستخدام مزيج الإيتانول - الماء بنسب مختلفة (60,70,80%) و كذلك تمت دراسة تأثير درجة حرارة الاستخلاص في كلا الطريقتين (20,30,40°C) بالإضافة إلى دراسة تأثير زمن الاستخلاص. ففي طريقة الاستخلاص بالنقع تمت دراسة كمية البولي فينولات الكلية في أوراق الزيتون المجففة بعد استخلاصها خلال أزمنة مختلفة (24,48,72 h)، أما في طريقة الاستخلاص بالموجات فوق الصوتية فكانت أزمنة الاستخلاص هي (10,20,30 min). بينت الدراسة أن أعلى كمية من المركبات البولي فينولية كانت موجودة في أوراق الزيتون الجافة التي تم استخلاصها بالموجات فوق الصوتية بتركيز المذيب ايتانول – ماء 80% وبدرجة الحرارة 40°C و بزمن الاستخلاص 20min.
Total Polyphenol was studied in olive leaves collected from Lattakia area (AlQurdaha zone), where Phenolic compounds were extracted from dry Olive leaves by using two extraction methods: maceration and Ultrasonic Device. By the both two methods a study was carried out on the extraction solvent concentration effect where the extraction was done by using the mixture of Ethanol-Water with different percentages (60,70,80 %). As well, The extraction temperature effect was studied at the both methods at (20,30, 40°C); in addition to the study of the extraction time effect. At the method of Maceration Extraction, the total polyphenols amount was studied in dry olive leaves after extraction during different times (24,48,72 h). While at the Ultrasonic Extraction the times were (10,20,30 min). The study showed that the highest amount of phenolic compounds were existed in dry olive leaves which were extracted by Ultrasonic Waves with the concentration of the solvent ethanol-water 80%, temperature of 40°C, and with an extraction time of 20min.
References used
Ibrahim, E, H., Abdelgaleel, M,A., Salama, A. A., Metwalli, S, M. Chemical and Nutritional Evaluation of Olive Leaves and Selection the Optimum Conditions for Extraction their Phenolic Compounds, Agric. Res. Kafr El-Sheikh Univ, Egypt, 42 (1), 445-459, 2016
Pereira,A,P., Ferreira,I,C,F,R., Marcelino,F., Valentao,P., Andrade,P,B., Seabra,R., Estevinho,L., Bento,A., Pereira,J,A. Phenolic Compounds and Antimicrobial Activity of Olive (Olea Europaea L. Cv. Cobrançosa) Leaves. Molecules, Portugal, (12): 1153-1162, 2007
Herrero,M., Temirzoda,T,N., Segura-Carretero,A., Quirantes,R., Plaza,M., Ibañez,E. New Possibilities for the Valorization of Olive Oil By-Products. Journal of Chromatography A. 2011
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Phenols were studied in the leaves of Syrian olive varieties collected from (Harasta
and Ghouta, Damascus Countryside and Qalamun). Phenolic compounds were extracted
from the olive leaf varieties after disposal of plant pigments and fatty compounds, and
total phenols separated with solvent (methanol - water).
The effect of phenolic compounds were extracted from leaves of Dan
and Toufahi sorts of Syrian olives, spread particularly in Damascus
country, studied on the activity of Guaiacol peroxidise in the celles of
Kolioptyl Zea myse L. Solutions of thre
e different concentrations of
phenolic extracts are used in the work : 25% , 50% and 100%.
The aim of this study was to estimate the total amount of phenolic compounds of olive
trees leaves (Olea europaea L.) as Biomarker for the assessment of lead air pollution at
Banias area. Olive trees were selected as the predominant species in the
study area. The
samples were collected from 6 locations at different distances from the vicinity of the
Banias refinery (0.1, 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 10) Km. The dominated wind in the region is western -
southwesterly during the winter (March) and summer (September), The control was taken
from an area about 20 km from the refinery to the north-east (al-Qardahah rural).
The concentration of total phenolic compounds (TPC) during the summer was (45.6-70.85)
mg GAE/g dw and in the control (40.4) mg GAE/g dw, and during the winter the content
of TPC was (35.6-52.9) mg GAE/g dw and in the control (25.8) mg GAE/g dw. The
concentration of Lead (Pb) in unwashed leaves during the summer was (0.879 – 2.170)
ppm and in the control (0.005) ppm, whilst during the winter was (0.479-1.023) ppm and
in the control (0.00083) ppm. The results showed significant differences in the
concentration of total phenolic compounds and lead between sites (Anova test). High
concentration of total phenols and lead in the summer compared to values in winter at all
sites (t-test). The results also showed a negative correlation between the concentration of
total phenolic compounds and lead with the distance from the refinery of Banias. Finally,
The results showed that the TPC can be used as biomarker of lead air pollution in Banias
area.
This study was conducted at AL Assad University Hospital in Latakia in 2012. It was a prospective study of pregnant patients admitted Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology during the period between 1\9\2012 and 1\9\2013. These patients had regular
menstrual information and were in 37th week or more of gestation and did not have any disease in the mother or fetus affecting the growth of the fetus.
The study included 122 patients regardless of the mode of delivery. Each patient's information was documented: estimated gestational age by LMP (last menstrual period) and estimated gestational age by ECHO using (BPD : biparietal diameter, FL: femur length) during the 24-hour from delivery, presentation and amount of liquid by ECHO. Gestational age ranged between 37 and 41.5 weeks "with an average of 38.6 weeks" and a standard deviation of 1.1 weeks" by LMP.
Results showed almost convergent values based on all BPD and FL. There was also a stronger correlation between the ages of pregnancy estimated FL, LMP than BPD, LMP. Moreover, there was presence of a strong correlation between the ages of pregnancy estimated using BPD, FL and LMP when the presentation was breech. It was also observed that the presence of a good amount of liquid is necessary to estimate the age pregnancy ultrasound.
3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid is one of phenolic compounds that exists in olive mill waste water (OMWW) and different industrial wastewater.Commercially activated charcoal was studied as absorbent of polyphenols. The value of specific surface area was 73
6.7189 m2/g. Equilibriums of 3,4-dihyroxybenzoic acid from aqueous solutions on four different particle sizes of the adsorbent with diameters ranged A(1000-2000), B(500-1000), C(250-500), D(125-250)m was examined at different initial concentrations ofabsorbate. The experimental data were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Both the isotherm models fit the adsorption data. Monolayer absorption capacities Q0 calculated from Langmuir equation were (0.36, 0.23, 0.34, 0.35mmol/g) for the different granular activated carbon sizes (A,B,C,D) respectively. The values of constant Kf calculated from Freundlich equation were (0.75, 0.61, 0.76, 0.79mmol/g) for the four sizes of granular activated carbon (A,B,C,D) respectively.
The results show that the charcoal activated carbon can be used as absorbent for polyphenol compounds.
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