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Literary inhibitor of proof in writing

المانع الأدبي من الإثبات بالكتابة

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 Publication date 2016
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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Under the general rule in the proof of legal actions in the Syrian law on evidence in writing, shall not be proof of testimony only within the limits of quantitative quorum for the certificate as stipulated Syrian Evidence Act. However, evidence of proof the law has been passed to testify if required commitment exceeded the value of proven quantitative quorum of the certificate; if a literary mind if found without written guide. This study aims to indicate what the literary inhibitor; and by clarifying cases of literary inhibitor, which allows proof of testimony, also aims to demonstrate the power of the judiciary to appreciate the literary inhibitor, and the consequences of proven literary inhibitor and how to prove.


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Research summary
تتناول هذه الدراسة موضوع المانع الأدبي في الإثبات بالكتابة في القانون السوري، حيث تفرض القاعدة العامة في القانون السوري ضرورة الإثبات بالكتابة في التصرفات القانونية. ومع ذلك، يجيز القانون الإثبات بالشهادة إذا وجد مانع أدبي حال دون الحصول على دليل كتابي. تهدف الدراسة إلى توضيح ماهية المانع الأدبي، حالات وجوده، ومدى سلطة القضاء في تقديره، والآثار المترتبة على ثبوته وكيفية إثباته. تستعرض الدراسة حالات المانع الأدبي الناشئ عن روابط القرابة وطبيعة العلاقة، وتناقش سلطة القاضي في تقدير المانع الأدبي، سواء كان مفترضًا بنص القانون أو واجب الإثبات. كما تتناول الدراسة كيفية إثبات المانع الأدبي وآثاره القانونية، وتختتم بتوصيات للمشرع السوري بتعديل النص القانوني لرفع النصاب الكمي للإثبات بالشهادة بما يتوافق مع انخفاض قيمة العملة الحالية.
Critical review
تعد هذه الدراسة شاملة ومفصلة في تناولها لموضوع المانع الأدبي في الإثبات بالكتابة، حيث تقدم تحليلاً دقيقاً للنصوص القانونية والاجتهادات القضائية المتعلقة بهذا الموضوع. ومع ذلك، يمكن توجيه بعض النقد البناء للدراسة. أولاً، كان من الممكن أن تكون الدراسة أكثر وضوحاً إذا تم تقديم أمثلة عملية أكثر توضيحاً لتطبيقات المانع الأدبي في الحياة اليومية. ثانياً، رغم أن الدراسة تناولت موضوع المانع الأدبي بشكل شامل، إلا أنها لم تتطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى مقارنة بين القانون السوري والقوانين الأخرى في المنطقة، مما كان يمكن أن يضيف بُعداً إضافياً للفهم. ثالثاً، كان من الممكن أن تتضمن الدراسة استبيانات أو مقابلات مع قضاة ومحامين للحصول على رؤى عملية حول كيفية تطبيق المانع الأدبي في المحاكم.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هو المانع الأدبي في القانون السوري؟

    المانع الأدبي هو حالة تمنع الشخص من الحصول على دليل كتابي بسبب وجود روابط قرابة أو علاقات خاصة تجعل من المحرج طلب دليل كتابي، مما يجيز الإثبات بالشهادة بدلاً من الكتابة.

  2. ما هي الحالات التي يعتبر فيها المانع الأدبي موجودًا وفقًا للقانون السوري؟

    يعتبر المانع الأدبي موجودًا في حالات القرابة بين الزوجين، الأصول والفروع، الحواشي حتى الدرجة الثالثة، وأحد الزوجين وأبوي الزوج الآخر.

  3. كيف يمكن إثبات وجود المانع الأدبي في المحكمة؟

    يمكن إثبات وجود المانع الأدبي بجميع طرق الإثبات بما في ذلك الشهادة والقرائن، ويكفي إثبات درجة القرابة المحددة في القانون لتقوم قرينة قانونية على وجود المانع الأدبي.

  4. ما هي التوصيات التي قدمتها الدراسة للمشرع السوري؟

    أوصت الدراسة المشرع السوري بتعديل النص القانوني لرفع النصاب الكمي للإثبات بالشهادة بما يتوافق مع انخفاض قيمة العملة الحالية، مما يسهل إثبات الحقوق بين الأفراد في التعاملات الجارية بينهم.


References used
د. محمد حاتم البيات، د. أيمن أبو العيال، النظرية العامة للالتزام-أحكام الالتزام، . منشورات جامعة دمشق، مطبعة الروضة، 2011-2012
أ. محمد فهر شقفة، الإثبات بالبينة الشخصية، ط 4، دمشق، مؤسسة النوري، 2001
محمد أديب الحسيني، الإثبات في القضايا المدنية والتجارية-اجتهاد محكمة النقض السورية، ج 2, 2009
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