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Register a new userEnhanced Routing Protocols in Mobile Wireless Networks
بروتوكولات التوجيه المحسنة في الشبكات اللاسلكية النقالة
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تتكون الشبكات اللاسلكية النقالة من مجموعة من العقد المتحركة و المتعاونة، إذ بإمكان كل عقدة التحرك بشكل عشوائي و بسرعة معينة في أي اتجاه دون الاعتماد على مدير مركزي. لهذا النوع من الشبكات العديد من الاهتمامات البحثية لاستخداماتها في المجال العسكري و في حالات الطوارئ و الكوارث الطبيعية. تكمن المشكلة الأساسية التي تعانيها هذه الشبكات في عملية التوجيه و ذلك لعدم وجود بنية تحتية ثابتة، إذ تتولى كل عقدة مسؤولية التوجيه. لذلك تم في السنوات الأخيرة اقتراح العديد من بروتوكولات التوجيه التقليدية لهذا النوع من الشبكات، لكن هذه البروتوكولات لا تدعم جودة الخدمة في بيئات مختلفة. قامت بعض الدراسات بالتحسين على بعض هذه البروتوكولات لتدعم جودة الخدمة مع بيئات محددة، نقوم في هذا البحث بعرض دراسة مرجعية وافية على بعض بروتوكولات التوجيه المحسنة.
Mobile wireless networks consist of a set of cooperative and mobile nodes, each node can move randomly at a specific speed in all directions without any control of a central manager. This type of networks has become a hot research topic due to its military application and suitability for emergencies and natural disasters. Due to the lack of fixed infrastructure, the routing process becomes the major problem in this type of networks, where the responsibility of routing is transferred to each node. Over the last few years, a number of traditional routing protocols has been proposed, but these protocols do not support quality of service in different environments. Some studies have improved some of these protocols to support quality of service for specific environments. This research identifies and analysis some of these improved protocols.
References used
S. K. Sakar, T. G. Basavaraju and C. Puttamadappa, Ad Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks, New York, 2008
S. Basagni,, M. Conti, S. Giordano, and I. Stojmenovic,, "Mobile Ad Hoc Networking," Wiley Inerscience, 2004
M. Abolhasan, T. Wysocki and E. Dutkiewicz, "review of routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks," Ad Hoc Networks 2, pp. 1-22, 2004
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This research identifies
some improved protocols which support multiple paths between
source and destination.
The low cost, ease of deployment has exposed WSNs an attractive choice for numerous applications,like environmental monitoring applications , security applications, real time tracking, and so on.
But in reality, these networks are operated on batte
ry with limitations in their computation capabilities, memory, bandwidth ,so they called networks with resource constrained nature, and this impels various challenges in its design and its performance.
Limited battery capacity of sensor nodes makes energy efficiency a major and challenge problem in wireless sensor networks. Thus, the routing protocols for wireless sensor networks must be energy efficient in order to maximize the network lifetime.
In this paper we simulated LEACH,SEP,DEEC,TEEN routing protocols and evaluated their performance by comparing with DT routing protocol in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks on MATLAB.
Mobile wireless sensor network (MWSN) is a wireless ad hoc network that consists
of avery large number of tiny sensor nodes communicating with each other in which
sensornodes are either equipped with motors for active mobility or attached to mobile
objectsfor passive mobility. A real-time routing protocol for MWSN is an exciting area of
research
because messages in the network are delivered according to their end-to-end
deadlines
(packet lifetime) while sensor nodes are mobile. This paper proposes an enhanced
realtime
with load distribution (ERTLD) routing protocol for MWSN which is based on our
previousrouting protocol RTLD. ERTLD utilized corona mechanism and optimal
forwardingmetrics to forward the data packet in MWSN. It computes the optimal
forwarding nodebased on RSSI, remaining battery level of sensor nodes and packet
delayover one-hop. ERTLDensures high packet delivery ratio and experiences minimum
end-to-end delay in WSNand MWSN compared to baseline routing protocol. . In this paper
we consider a highly dynamic wireless sensor network system in which the sensor nodes
and the base station(sink) are mobile.ERTLD has been studied and verified and compared
with baseline routing protocols RTLD,MM-SPEED , RTLCthrough Network Simulator-
2(NS2)
شبكات الحساسات اللاسلكية
RTLD (Real-time with load distributed routing) Protocol
شبكات الحساسات اللاسلكية النقالة
بروتوكول التوجيه بالزمن الحقيقي مع توزيع الحمولة
بروتوكول التوجيه بالزمن الحقيقي المحسن مع توزيع الحمولة
معدل استقبال الرزمة
خيار التوجيه الأفضل
مؤشر قوة الاشارة المستقبلة
WSN(wireless sensor networks)
MWSN) Mobile wireless sensor networks)
ERTLD ( Enhanced Real-time with load distributed routing) Protocol
PRR(Packet Reception Rate)
Optimal Forwarding (OF)
RSSI: Received Signal Strength Indicator
MN(Mobile Node)
MS(Mobile sink)
المزيد..
In this paper, we use NCTUns 6.0
to simulate this kind of networks ,because it is difficult to do that is the
real world .In this paper, two routing protocols (AODV, ADV) are
studied within many scenarios to achieve their performances and
reliabi
lity using many metrics.
We conclude that ADV routing protocol adapts quickly when the
complexity of network and mobility of nodes increase. This is achieved
by varying the size and frequency of routing updates.
Throughput
الإنتاجية
MANET
VANET
شعاع المسافة عند الطلب النقال
شعاع المسافة الموائم
شبكات العقد النقالة
شبكات المركبات النقالة
التصادمات
الرزم المرمية
متوسط توصيل الرزم
متوسط التأخير طرف إلى طرف
متوسط حمل التوجيه
المحاكي NCTUns 6.0
NCTUns 6.0 simulator
AODV
ADV
collisions
drop packets
Packet delivery ratio
المزيد..
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is a form of Mobile Ad Hoc
Networks, but the nodes of this network are vehicles with special equipment to enable
them to communicate with each other. These networks need to implement protocols to
ensure that messag
es are reached to their destinations and achieve the desired goal of the
application.
In this paper, we present an analysis of the performance of a number of major routing
protocols used in these networks which protocols AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance
Vector), DSR (Dynamic Source Routing), and OLSR (Optimized link state routing). This
analysis is based on various parameters such as packet delivery ratio and end-to-end delay,
in order to find the best protocol can be used in the network with low density.
To achieve this purpose, we used a simulator OPNET_17.5. Depending on the
simulation results we have obtained and the analysis and comparison of these protocols at
different low density contract .We found that the protocol AODV is the best among the
studied protocols under the conditions set out in this study.
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