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Register a new userPerformance Comparison Among Reactive And Proactive Routing Protocols in Vehicular Networks with Low Vehicular Density
مقارنة أداء بروتوكولات التوجيه الاستباقية و التفاعلية في شبكات العربات ذات الكثافة المنخفضة
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بسام حسن( باحث )
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تعد شبكات العربات المتنقلة شكلاً من شبكات الـ Ad Hoc المتنقلة، لكن عقد هذه الشبكة هي عربات ذات تجهيزات خاصة تجعلها قادرة على الاتصال فيما بينها. تحتاج هذه الشبكات لتطبيق برتوكولات توجيه تضمن وصول الرسائل إلى الوجهة المطلوبة و تحقيق الهدف من التطبيق. نقدم فـي هذا الـبحث تحلــيلاً لأداء عـدد من أهـــم بروتــوكولات التوجـيه المــستخدمـة في هـذه الـشبكـات و هي البـروتوكـولات AODV و DSR و OLSR. يعتمد هذا التحليل على بارامترات مختلفة مثل نسبة تسليم الرزم و التأخير نهاية الى نهاية بهدف الوصول إلى أفضل بروتوكول يمكن استخدامه في حال كانت الشبكة منخفضة الكثافة. لتحقيق هذا الغرض استخدمنا المحاكي OPNET_17.5، و اعتماداً على نتائج المحاكاة التي حصلنا عليها و بالتحليل و المقارنة لهذه البروتوكولات عند كثافة عقد منخفضة مختلفة وجدنا أن البروتوكول AODV هو الأفضل من بين البروتوكولات المدروسة ضمن الشروط المحددة في هذه الدراسة.
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is a form of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, but the nodes of this network are vehicles with special equipment to enable them to communicate with each other. These networks need to implement protocols to ensure that messages are reached to their destinations and achieve the desired goal of the application. In this paper, we present an analysis of the performance of a number of major routing protocols used in these networks which protocols AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector), DSR (Dynamic Source Routing), and OLSR (Optimized link state routing). This analysis is based on various parameters such as packet delivery ratio and end-to-end delay, in order to find the best protocol can be used in the network with low density. To achieve this purpose, we used a simulator OPNET_17.5. Depending on the simulation results we have obtained and the analysis and comparison of these protocols at different low density contract .We found that the protocol AODV is the best among the studied protocols under the conditions set out in this study.
References used
SHARMA, Y. and MUKHERJEE, S. Routing Protocol in VANET. International Journal of Computer Applications . Vol. 50, No.21, July 2012
SI-HO, C. and MIN-WOO, R. A Survey of Greedy Routing Protocols for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. Smart Computing Review. vol.2, No.2, April 2012
SAINI, P. and BHAGCHANDANI, K . Modern Investigation of Issues and Ad-Hoc Routing Protocols Applied To VANET. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT), Vol.2, No.2, December 2012, 2249 – 8958
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A Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is a collection of nodes forming a
wireless network, but the nodes of this network are vehicles with special equipment that
enable them to communicate with each other. VANET protocols have to face high
challenges
due to dynamically changing topologies, link breakage and low vehicular
density. A suitable and effective routing protocol helps to ensure that messages are reached
to their destinations and achieve the desired aim of the application.
In this research, we present an analysis of the performance of two major routing
protocols used in these networks, which are AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector)
and GPSR (Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing). This analysis is based on various
parameters such as end-to-end delay and average dropped packets, in order to find the best
protocol which can be used in the network with low density at the junctions. To achieve
this purpose, we used a simulator OPNET_17.5. Depending on the simulation results, we
have obtained and the analysis and comparison of two protocols at different low density
contract. We found that GPSR protocol has better performance end-to-end delay and
average dropped packets are used as the performance metrics, and is better for VANET
under the low vehicular density simulation scenario at junctions.
Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks are used for data transfer. The nodes of such
networks do not require presetting. They are characterized by dynamic
data transfer during their movement of the nodes. MANET could be
targeted by potential security breaches. Bl
ack hole attack is one of the
serious attacks targeting wireless AD_HOC networks through a false
point whichcan absorb data and send them to another place or neglect
them. This is due to the lack of central control node which is able to
manage communications. This research investigates the effects of the
black hole on the performance of hybrid routing protocol Temporally
Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA) and proactive routing protocol
Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) for a variable number of mobile
nodes in different speeds in a high load environment.
Ad-hoc networks has opened a new dimension in wireless networks. It allows
wireless communication in the absence of central support of the contract. In these
networks, there are no fixed infrastructure because the mobile nodes are continuously
mak
ing continuous and dynamic change in the topology.
Routing protocols of mobile ad-hoc networks differ from the existing internet
protocols which are designed for the fixed structure based wireless networks. MANET
protocols have to face high challenges due to dynamically changing of topologies, low
transmission power and asymmetric links. Due to link instability, node mobility and
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Currently existent routing protocols provide routing solutions up to a certain level
and most of them are designed and implemented in small areas. Many researchers are still
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With the increase in the types of routing protocols used in mobile network it has
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compared between the most famous species (proactive, Reactive, hybrid) and choose a
protocol to be representative of all species previously mentioned and the network
performance assessment each type in terms of Throughput, dynamic routing routing, load,
delay and determine which of these protocols appropriate for each case.
Mobile wireless networks consist of a set of cooperative and
mobile nodes, each node can move randomly at a specific speed
in all directions without any control of a central manager. This type
of networks has become a hot research topic due to its
military
application and suitability for emergencies and natural disasters.
Due to the lack of fixed infrastructure, the routing process
becomes the major problem in this type of networks, where the
responsibility of routing is transferred to each node. Over the last
few years, a number of traditional routing protocols has been
proposed, but these protocols do not support quality of service in
different environments.
Some studies have improved some of these protocols to support
quality of service for specific environments. This research
identifies and analysis some of these improved protocols.
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