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Register a new userThe effect of some biological and genetic indicators of Scions on the success of grafting ceratoniasiliqua L. seedlings and on development of their subsequent growth
تأثير بعض المؤشرات البيولوجية و الوراثية للمطاعيم في نجاح تطعيم غراس الخرنوب Ceratoniasiliqua L. و في تطور نموها اللاحق
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Tishreen University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2016
fields
Forestry and Ecology
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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نفذ هذا البحث خلال موسم 2014 - 2015 في مركز البحوث العلمية الزراعية. يهدف البحث إلى تحديد أثر بعض المؤشرات البيولوجية و الوراثية على نجاح تطعيم غراس الخرنوب بالمشتل بدراسة ثلاثة أنماط من التطعيم: الذاتي و المتشابه و المتباين. استخدمت أصول بذرية بعمر سنة من طرازين وراثيين منتخبين في صنوبر جبلة و الحفة, أخذت المطاعيم من غراس بعمر سنة نتجت من هذين الطرازين أو من فروع بعمر سنة منهما أيضاً و نفذ التطعيم بالقلم بطريقة التطعيم اللساني في فصل الربيع. أظهر التطعيم الذاتي أثر العوامل البيولوجية و الوراثية للمطاعيم على نجاح التطعيم, حيث تفوق التطعيم الذاتي على المتباين بدلالة معنوية لكلا الطرازين الوراثيين سواء كان الطعم فتياً أم معمراً. و تفوق التطعيم الذاتي معنوياً على الأنماط الأخرى من حيث تطور المطاعيم. كما وجد تباين في قيم المؤشرات البيولوجية بين الطرازين المدروسين, لصالح طراز صنوبر جبلة على طراز الحفة بشكل غير معنوي. بالنسبة لعمر المطاعيم, تفوقت قيم التطعيم المتباين بالطعوم الفتية معنوياً على التطعيم المتباين بالطعوم المعمرة من حيث نسبة نجاح التطعيم و قيم المؤشرات البيولوجية المدروسة.
This research was carried out during 2014 - 2015 in Scientific Centre for Agricultural Researches. This research aims to determine the effect of some biological and genetic indicators on the success of Carob seedlings in nurseries by studying three kinds of grafting: Auto-grafting, Homo-grafting and Hetero-grafting. Rootstock aged one year and resulted by two chosen genetic types, namely, SnobarJablah and Alhafa were used. Scions, they were taken either from seedlings with age of one year resulted by these two types or from branches aged one year from the selected two types as well. Grafting was conducted by using Whip Graft way in spring. Auto-grafting has indicated the importance and the role of biological and genetic factors for grafts and their impact on rates of grafting success. Concerning rates of success, the results have shown that Auto-grafting surpassed Hetero-grafting with a significant reference for both of two genetic types, regardless if the used scion was young or old. In addition, Auto-grafting has shown surpass on other kinds of grafting, in terms of subsequent growth of scions. On the other hand, a variety in biological indicators values has been noticed between the two genetic studied types. In favour of SnobarJablahtype againstAlhafaʼs type. However, the differences of values were not significant for the most of conducted measures. As for the age of scions, the results have pointed out that values of Hetero-grafting with young scions surpassed values of Hetero-grafting with old scions in terms of the rate of grafting success and values of biological studied indicators.
References used
BATTLE, I; TOUS, J.Carob Tree. Ceratonia siliqua L. Promoting the Conservation and Use of Underutilized and Neglected Crops. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy, 1997
BLETSOS, F; THANASSOULOPOULOS, C; ROUPAKIAS, D. Effect ofgrating on growth, yield and verticillium wilt of eggplant. HortScience, 2003, 38: 183- 186
HARTMANN, H.T; KESTER, D.E. Plant Propagation-Principles and practices. 4th edition, Prentice Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs, Newgersey, U.S.A., 1983, 610
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This study aimed to obtain seedlings balanced and superior in growth, by searching
the effect of seed size on the growth and development of seedlings of carob tree
( Ceratonia siliqua L.) developing in containers Minirhizotron in the growth room in
Research Center in Bouka-Lattakia. Seeds were divided into three categories (large-size
LS, control CS, small-sized SS) and studied several quantities indicators of growth and
development of the total shoot and root of the seedlings for a period of three months.
For a radical system, results indicated a high significant superiority in the large
seeds values for the main root of the overall growth rate such as length (cm) and the speed
of growth (cm/3days) and secondary roots (total number, total length/cm) height to control
and small seeds. And the significant superiority of the seeds of the control on the small
seeds.
It has also given large seeds higher values regarding all indicators related to the shoot
system such as average diameter and average height and average number of phalanges
stem and leaves, and ending with the dry weight of shoots.
Results for the study of periodic growth curves for the main root and main stem of
the three treatments indicated the presence of a great similarity in the overall appearance of
these curves, which refers that the appearance is not affected by this change in the amount
of seed size. On the other hand, the phenomenon was observed in contrast growth
Antagonism clearly between the totals shoot and root with any end to the growth of main
root accompanied by a junior at the end of the main stem growth and vice versa.
This research was conducted in seedling area belonging to Tishreen University and
in the Coast seedling belonging to Agricultural Directorate in Lattakia. Results has shown
that, the pear variety Cocia grafted on pear Syrian rootstock was significa
ntly better than
pear variety Williams and Quince variety Saidawi grafted on the same rootstock, where
the percentage of grafting were 100%, 90% and 66.67% consequently, and in the next year
93.33%, 76.67% and 54.00% consequently. Results has shown a good agreement between
a variety Cocia and a used rootstock in comparison with the tow other varieties. The
results of analytical calculation has shown that, the variety Cocia was better than the tow
other varieties Williams and Saidawi in graft-height, also, Williams variety was better
than Saidawi variety, and this confirm that, the Cocia variety in medium growth when it
grafted on pear Syrian rootstock, whereas, Williams variety was in poor growth and
Saidawi variety was very poor in growth when they were grafted on the same rootstalk
especially in the first years of grafting.
The aim of this study was to determine the best size and shape of containers to produce higher quality seedlings, and determine which treatments (moving the seedlings to other beds, or transfer to bigger containers, or pruning the shoot and root syst
em of Ceratonia siliqua seedlings in the nursery) are the best for growth and stabilization in out planting. The study showed that the control seedlings D1 which were growing in traditional plastic containers (1 liter) gave low survival rate which did not exceed 20%, and this was due to numerous reasons mainly roots deformation. Seedlings D8, the containers(2 liters) improved the morphological characteristics of root and shoot system and reduced the roots deformation, which led to higher survival rate reached more than 82%. While the deep containers and the air pruning improved the structure and spread the root system of seedlings D9 and limited the roots deformation, which led to higher survival ratio reached more than 95%. Moving the seedlings to other beds in the nursery improved the survival rate in out planting, which amounted ,in D2, to more than 95% and in D3 over than 67%. Also, the study confirmed that cutting the developing top of shoot system and leaving the seedlings in the beds until their planting date D4 did not give a significant effect compared to D5 in which the developing top of their shoot system was cut and was transferred to bags of (12 liters) with pruning the root system, and the survival rate was more than 72% in D4, and over 62% in D5. Regarding to survival rate under the influence of transport operations to larger bags, the D7 which was transferred to bags of 3 liters capacity surpassed in significant differences and was 77.5% compared to D5 and D6 which was transferred to 12 liters bags, where the survival rate in which was 62.5%.
This research was conducated on Ceratonia siliqua L. in vitro to study the effect of
some growth regulators in both multiplication and rooting stage. And determine the best
concentrations wich lead the highest rate of multiplication (interms of number of shoots
and length), and the best rooting (interms of percentage of rooting, number of roots and
length).
A half diallel set of crosses among six highly diverse barley (Hordeum
vulgare L.) genotypes were evaluated at Karahta station of field crops research
(GCSAR) Damascus Governorate, during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 seasons to
study heterosis and comb
ining ability components for plant height, grain yield
per plant, number of spikes per plant, number of grains per spike and
thousand kernel weight.
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