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Register a new userOccurrence, Ecological and Taxonomical Study of Predatory and Parasitic Fungi on Nuisance Nematodes in Damascus District
دراسة بيئية و تصنيفية لانتشار أنواع من الفطريات المفترسة و المتطفلة على الديدان (المؤذية و الحرة) في منطقة دمشق
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Damascus University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2002
fields
Biology
and research's language is
العربية
Authors
وفاء بغدادي( باحث )
Created by
Shamra Editor
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استمرت هذه الدراسة، وهي الأولى من نوعها في بلادنا، في عزل و معرفة درجة انتشار الفطريات المفترسة لثلاث سنوات و خلال فصول مختلفة من السنة. و من دراسة ١٢٨ عينة ترابية تم عزل و تحديد ٦ أنواع منها بدءًا من ١٠٢ من العزلات المدروسة و المعزولة من أعماق بسيطة ٥-٢٥ سم و من ترب أخذت من حدائق و بساتين و من قرب أشجار السرو و التوت و تمرحنة و الكينا.
This study, which is the first one in our country is concerned with isolation and distribution of predatory fungi in Damascus district. The study was carried out within three years. Six species of fungi from (١٠٢) isolates near four different trees had been identified. Arthrobotrys oligospora is the most widespread, Verticillium sp. is the less spread one. Two species of Dactylella and Dactylaria were poor distributed.
References used
Ali, A. H. H. (١٩٩٤). Studies on some fungal nematode antagonists in relation to nematode egg hatching and reproduction. Egypt J. Biol
Ali, A. H. H. (١٩٩٥). Chaetomium spirale a potential fungus as a biocontrol agent for the reniform nematode on cotton. Egyp. J. of Biological Pest Control
Ali, A. H. H. and M. L. E. Barakat (١٩٩٤). Utilization of Trichoderma harzianum as a biological agent against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Egypt J. Biol. Pest Control
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Field survey was conducted to identify plant nematode genera associated
with maize crop during the period August-October 2003. The study was carried
out at two locations: Kharabo station (Damascus countryside) and Al-Mraieh
station (Deir Al-zowr)
in Syria. 36 complex samples were collected from roots
and rhizosphere soil; nematodes were extracted by two methods Sieving and
Baermann funnel, examined under microscope for identifi cation. Population
density and absulute frequency for each genera were calculated. Results of field
survey showed the presence of 14 genera of plant parasitic, 4 fungivorous, and
12 omnivorous nematodes in maize roots and rhizosphere soil .
The study was performed to discover parasitic Nematoda in
digestive system of Siganus rivulatus (Forsskal and Niebuhr, 1775) in
beach water of Lattakia, and investigation the role of some ecological
parameters on its distribution.
A study was conducted to investigate the presence of root knot nematode
(RKN) and other plant parasitic nematodes associated with Syrian most
important peach plantation areas. 126 soil and root samples were taken from
63 peach orchards of Ghuta, Z
abadani, Yabrod, Syrghaya and Kharabo at
Damascus governorate, and Tezeen, Kufr Ton, Khattab, Arzeh, Sheha,
Qamhaneh, Balhasen, Rastan, Mhardeh, Salmieh, Sqalbieh and Sharaya at
Hama governorate.
This study was carried out for three years (٣-٥ months every year) during
maximum of aquatic hyphomycetes distribution ( in - Autumn and Winter),
which related with the period of leaves-fall. We studied ٩٠ water samples taken
from Banias River. We
identified ٧٠ species of aquatic hyphomycetes by
investigtion ٨٢٨ spore - isolates taken from water samples. The factors
responsible for the occurrence of different patterns of their distribution have
been determined. Therefore, this work is done for the first time in Syria and
given an important side of ecological and botanical diversity in the waters of
our country.
The seasonal activity of beet flea beetle, Chaetocnema tibialis (Illiger), adults
was studied on sugar beet varieties at Homs Region during 2008 season.
Results obtained indicate that the beet flea beetle, Chaetocnema tibialis
(Illiger) adults was
started at the 2nd week of May to all varieties in the 1st and
2nd dates of plantation. The number tended to increase, rather gradually, from
early June reaching peak (65.9 and 97.9 holes/25 leaves) for two dates.
Two peaks occurred during 2008 season, ware as follows:
• The 1st peak occurred in the 4th week and the 2nd week of June (65.9 and
97.9 holes/25 leaves) for 1st and 2nd dates, respectively.
• The 2nd peak occurred in the 4th week of July (118.42 and 364.14 holes/25
leaves) for 1st and 2nd dates, respectively.
The results obtained indicate, that Vico sugerbeet variety was highest
susceptible (50.99 and 116.45 holes/25 leaves) for the 1st and 2nd dates,
meanwhile, Ramona and Prognos were lowest infested. The infestation started
with quite low holes (2.96 holes/25 leaves) at the 3rd week of May and increased
gradually at the 4th week of June with 65.90 holes/leaf, and in end of season
arrived to (118.42 holes/25 leaves). The infestation percentage increased by beet
flea beetle in the 2nd date (the 1st week of February) with twice of infested on
the 1st date (the 1st half of January). Six pesticides were evaluated against beet
flea beetle, results showed that Cyperino pesticide gave the highest effective
percentage (90.88%) followed Cypermethrin by (90.69%), in comparison with
Nimadol pesticide (49.35%) after two week of treatment.
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