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Register a new userالطلب على النقود في سورية باستخدام نموذج تصحيح الخطأ و التكامل المشترك
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ممدوح الخطيب الكسواني( باحث )
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تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل سلوك الطلب على النقود في سورية اعتماداً على بيانات ربع سنوية تشمل الفترة ١٩٧٤-١٩٩٤ . و استخدم الناتج المحلي الإجمالي بأسعار ١٩٨٥ ، و معدل التضخم، في تقدير دوال الطلب على النقود الحقيقية. و قد توطدت علاقة طلب على النقود مستقرة طويلة الأجل بين هذه المتغيرات. و قدرت هذه العلاقة باستخدام نموذج تصحيح الخطأ و أسلوب التكامل المشترك. و نتيجة لانغلاق الاقتصاد السوري مالياً، فقد أخفق معدل الفائدة، و سعر الصرف في تفسير سلوك الطلب على النقود.
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References used
Areestis, Ph., and Demetriades, P., (1991) “Cointegration, Error Correction and the Demand for Money in Cyprus”, Applied Economics, Vol. 23, 1417- 1424
Asseery, A.A. (1997), “ Estimating of the Demand for Broad Money Balances of Saudi Arabia sing The Time Series Approach to Econometrics”, J, King Saud Univ. Vol. 9 Admin. Sc. (1), 9-20
Asseery, A. A (1990).”Unit Roots and Cointegration Theory with Application to the Real Money Demand Functions of the Industrial World. Ph.D.. Thesis, Wales U.K
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Grammatical error correction (GEC) suffers from a lack of sufficient parallel data. Studies on GEC have proposed several methods to generate pseudo data, which comprise pairs of grammatical and artificially produced ungrammatical sentences. Currently
, a mainstream approach to generate pseudo data is back-translation (BT). Most previous studies using BT have employed the same architecture for both the GEC and BT models. However, GEC models have different correction tendencies depending on the architecture of their models. Thus, in this study, we compare the correction tendencies of GEC models trained on pseudo data generated by three BT models with different architectures, namely, Transformer, CNN, and LSTM. The results confirm that the correction tendencies for each error type are different for every BT model. In addition, we investigate the correction tendencies when using a combination of pseudo data generated by different BT models. As a result, we find that the combination of different BT models improves or interpolates the performance of each error type compared with using a single BT model with different seeds.
This paper deals with the insurance sector in the Syrian Arab
Republic during the period between 1990-2012, we studied the
impact of economic and demographic factors on the demand for life
insurance size.
It was considered the volume of life insu
rance premiums indication
of the size of the demand for life insurance, also we study the
impact of some determinants on the demand / income -
unemployment - interest rate - inflation - life expectations -
education - urbanization /. A statistical analysis by spss to study
variables program was carried out, in order to reach the most
important determinants affecting the insurance demand, income and
the inflation and the interest rate are the most effective determinant
in influencing the insurance demand, While statistically significant
for the rest of determinants effect does not appear.
هدفت هذه الدراسة بشكل رئيس إلى تقرير أهم المؤشرات الاقتصادية كالمرونة الداخلية والانفاقية والسعرية والتقاطعية.
The research aims to identify the reality of food in Syria during the 2011-2012 period
and compared to the situation before the crisis (2008-2010). The study showed that the
total cultivated area in Syria during the crisis amounted to about 4479 th
ousand hectares,
and the total lack of 323 thousand hectares from the pre-crisis period, as well as the
decreasing size of the vegetation of agricultural production during the same period
increased by 3081.2 thousand tons to score 11021.5 thousand tons, However, the
availability of vegetarian food and animal size increased overall during the period of crisis
by 923.7 thousand tons to score 18704.1 thousand tons, With regard to per capita food
shortage has been during the crisis period by 8 kg to score 864.8 kg while it was before the
crisis 872.8 kg, With regard to the value of the food gap turned out to be increased during
the crisis by 640.5 million dollars to up to 1727.2 million dollars,. And finally the study
showed that the demand for food will increase in Syria during the period 2016-2020, as
will 22832.5 thousand tons in 2020, so the size of the domestic production of Syria, to be
achieved in 2020 will be 18170.8 thousand tons.
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى استقصاء أثر حجم العينة في تقدير معلمة صعوبة الفقرة ( Item Difficulty)
و الخطـأ المعيـاري تقـديرها فـي (Standard Error of Estimation)
باستخدام نظرية الاستجابة للفقرة (Theory Response Item) و لتحقيق أهـداف هـذه
الدراسة تم اشتقا
ق معلمة الصعوبة، و الخطأ المعياري في تقديرها باسـتخدام اختبـار
تحصيلي في الرياضيات للصف العاشر الأساسي تكون في صورته النهائية من (80)
فقرة من نوع الاختبار من المتعدد.
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