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Register a new userChemical and Physical Changes in Olive Fruits «Ashrasi-Type II» During Growth and Maturation Period
بعض التغيرات الكيميائية و الفيزيائية في ثمار الزيتون (صنف أشرسي) خلال النمو و النضج
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شيماء رياض العبادي( باحث )
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أخذت خلال موسم عام 2002 عينات من ثمار الزيتون صنف أشرسي من محطة بستنة نينوى التابعة لوزارة الزراعة في جمهورية العراق لدراسة بعض الخواص الكيميائية و الفيزيائية خـلال فتـرة النمـو و النضج، بدءاً من شهر تموز حتى شهر تشرين الأول و التي شملت الرطوبة و الرماد و الزيت و الكلوروفيل A و B و البروتين و الحموضة الكلية و الأس الهيدروجيني و الكاربوهيدرات و كذلك طول الثمـرة و حجمهـا و وزنها و قطرها و صلابتها، و قد أوضحت النتائج حصول ارتفاع معنوي في % للرطوبـة و الزيـت و وزن الثمار و حجمها و طولها و نسبة اللحم إلى النواة و قطر الثمار خلال فترة النمو و النضج في حـين لـوحظ حصول انخفاض معنوي في الـ % للرماد و البروتين و الكاربوهيدرات و صـلابة الثمـار. أمـا بالنسـبة للكلوروفيل فلوحظ أن أعلى القيم له كانت في شهر أيلول، و من النتائج يمكن اعتبـار أن شـهر تشـرين الأول حتى تشرين الثاني هو المناسب لقطف الثمار لغرض التخليل و ليس لغرض استخلاص الزيت.
During the season of 2002, samples of olive fruit were taken (Ashrasi type) from Ninavah horticulture’s station that belongs to the ministry of agriculture in Iraq. The purpose of this research is to study some physical and chemical characteristics during the growing period, from July until October. Those characteristics include moisture, ash, oil content, chlorophyll A & B, protein, pH and carbohydrate, In addition to fruit length, size, weight, radius, and rigidity. The results showed significant increase in moisture, oil, weight, size and length of the fruit were studied. Significant reduction was noticed in the percentages of the protein, carbohydrate, ash and the fruit rigidity. The highest values of chlorophyll were observed during The month of September. October considered as the best time to harvest olive fruits for pickle purpose.
References used
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). (1980). Official methods of analysis, Washington, D.C
Daoud, A. D. (1975). The effect of some fertilizer treatments on yield and percentage of oil in some local varieties of olive. M.Sc. Thesis, Baghdad University, Iraq
Gharbi, T., Mokni, R. and Nagati, K. (2000). L'Huile D'olive atimentsant Par excehence-Acta Horticulture. 357, 235-241
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