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Register a new userstudy of tobacco west compost and organic fertilizer on some physical and chemical properties of clay soil
دراسة أثر كمبوست مخلفات التبغ و السماد البلدي في بعض الخواص الفيزيائية و الكيميائية لتربة طينية
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Tishreen University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2017
fields
Soil And Water
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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تم في هذا البحث دراسة تأثير معاملة التربة الطينية بمستويين من كمبوست مخلفات التبغ و السماد البلدي (15, 30) طن / هـ و كذلك معاملة السماد المعدني، بواقع ثلاث مكررات لكل معاملة على بعض خواص التربة الفيزيائية (التوزع الحجمي للوحدات البنائية و متوسط قطر التجمعات الموزونة و كذلك الكثافة الظاهرية و المسامية) و الكيميائية (الكربون العضوي و حمض الهيوميك و الفولفيك و كذلك مؤشر التدبل للتجمعات الترابية الكبيرة و الصغيرة). أظهرت نتائج البحث فعالية كل من كمبوست مخلفات التبغ و السماد البلدي في زيادة محتوى التربة من الكربون العضوي حيث بلغت نسبة الزيادة في معاملات السماد البلدي (20 و 26%) على التوالي، في حين بلغت نسبة الزيادة في معاملات كمبوست مخلفات التبغ ( 39 و 45% ) على التوالي مقارنة بالشاهد، مما أدى إلى تحسين الخواص الفيزيائية للتربة. حيث زاد متوسط قطر التجمعات الموزون و زادت نسبة التجمعات الثابتة و كذلك زادت مسامية التربة، و انخفضت الكثافة الظاهرية في كلا المعاملتين و بشكل معنوي مقارنة مع الشاهد. و لوحظ تفوق لمعاملات الكمبوست على معاملات السماد البلدي من حيث تحسين الخواص الفيزيائية. كما انخفض محتوى التربة من الكربون العضوي في معاملة السماد المعدني مقارنة مع الشاهد. تراوحت قيم حمض الهيوميك بين 2.12 و 3.74 مغ/كغ تجمعات في معاملة الشاهد و معاملة الكمبوست ( 30طن/هـ) على التوالي في التجمعات الكبيرة (0,25) و 3,17 مغ/كغ تجمعات في معاملة السماد المعدني في التجمعات ذات القطر (0,25-2). كانت قيم مؤشر التدبل اقل من 2 في التجمعات الكبيرة في حين كانت قيمه أكبر من 2 في التجمعات الصغيرة .
The effect of clay soil treatment with two levels of tobacco west compost and organic fertilizer (15 and 30 ton/ h), in addition to mineral fertilizer treatment, with three replicates of each treatment on some physical properties (Aggregate size distribution, main weight diameter, bulk density and porosity) and chemical properties (Organic carbon, humic and volvic acid and humification index for big and small soil aggregates was studied. The results showed that tobacco west compost and organic fertilizer were effective in increment of soil content of organic carbon, which reached (20 and 26%) for organic fertilizer, and (39 and 45%) for compost compared to the control, conducing to ameliorate soil physical properties, where The main weight diameter, stable aggregate rate and soil porosity were increased. Whereas, bulk density decreased significantly in both treatments compared to the control. Compost treatment affect soil physical properties more than organic fertilizer.Mineral fertilizer decreased soil content of organic carbon compared to the control. Humic and volvic acids contents were between 2.12 and 74.3 mg/kg aggregates in the control,and compost treatments alternatively in macro aggregates (> 2mm). Wile, volvic acid values were between 0.93 mg/kg in control for small aggregates (< 0.25), and 3.17 mg/kg aggregates in mineral fertilizer treatment for (0.25 – 2) aggregates. Humification index values were less than 2 in macro aggregates, while it was bigger than 2 in small aggregates.
References used
ADEDIRAN,J.A.,MNKENI,P.N.S.,MAFU,N.C. ; MUYIAM,N,Y.O .Change in Chemical Properties and Temperature During The Composting of Tobacco Wast with other Organic Material ,and Effects of Resulting Composts on Lettuce and Spin ash .Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 2004 .22:101-119
ANGERS,D.A,MS.BULLOK,; MEHUYS., Soil sampling and methods of analysis. London ,, 2008:811-820
ANGERS, D.A.,; M.GIROUS. Recently Depostid Organic Matter in Soil Water-Stable Aggregates. Soil Sci.Soc .;Am.J. 1996,60:1547-1551
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This research was conducted in 2016c, at the Zahid Western
Research Station in Akkar Plain region of Tartous Governorate, the
objective of this research is study the effect of non-conventional
organic waste (compost of garbage, sewage sludge) and
cow
manure on the physical properties of clay soil in the region. Wastes
was added to the soil at a rate of (0 - 10 - 20 – 30) t/ha, in order to
determine the effect of the difference in the quantity added on
physical properties of the soil and peanut productivity.
This study was conducted during the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 seasons in
Abu-Jarash orchards area in Damascus to identify the effect of improved
organic materials as sludge, manure and compost in improving some soil
physical characteristics and whea
t productivity. Results showed that the three
types of organic material affected the physical characteristics of the studied
soil. They decreased its bulk density, increased its total porosity and increased
its ability of holding water at field capacity. Results also showed that the
compost of city wastes was the best in improving soil physical properties. The
three organic materials, particularly the sludge increased the total productivity
of wheat (Sham3).
The chisel plough is the most important soil preparation machinery for planting and its
direct effect on the physical properties of the soil is reflected in the cultivated yield.
The purpose of this research is to evaluate the performance of the lo
cal chisel plough
through its positive effects on the physical properties of soil so as to tillage heavy clay soil,
the most difficult types of soils, and then determine the time period for the disappearance
of these effects and the return of the soil as it was prior to tillage and planting in terms of
these physical properties. When planting the wheat crop under Syrian conditions.
The actual field capacity of the plough was (1.01 hec/h) and field efficiency (79.53%), and
consumed fuel (13.97 l/h).
There was a positive change in the physical properties of the soil due to the use of the
chisel plough and two perpendicular faces, where the bulk density of the soil decreased
(23.8%) and moisture content from (30.85%) to (28.33%). While increasing the total soil
porosity (13.26%) and air porosity (56.76% ) and void ratio (45.71%).
It was found that the positive effects of the chisel disappear during one agricultural season.
The process of tillage cannot be dispensed with the tillage to cultivate the wheat crop under
the Syrian conditions (the Algab area). It must be done the traditional tillage (two faces),
Where it was found that the soil return to its status before tillage and planting after (180)
days, before the end of the planting season and before harvesting the wheat crop by about a
month.
It was found that some of the physical properties of the soil contributed to determining the
time period for the return of the soil properties as they were prior to tillage. These include
the bulk density of the soil, the total porosity of the soil and the void ratio that are directly
affected by tillage.
Some of the physical properties did not contribute to determining the time period for the
return of soil properties as they were prior to tillage. They include both soil moisture
content and air porosity, which are affected by tillage, but are more affected by climatic
conditions such as temperature and rainfall.
The recent synthesis of the new polymers has been profoundly affected by
the unique characteristics of Dimer Acid.
These polymers were made up following the condensation with
triethanolamine when was treated in melted phase.
We performed identifi
cation of the physical characteristics of the polymers
such as the molecular weight, in addition to the acid value and hydroxyl value.
Infrared spectroscopy have been used in identification of this polymer.
Also, the rheological behavior has been assessed thermally and shearing
stress by using capillary viscometer.
Our results revealed a reduction in the viscosity with increase of the
shearing stress as will as with rise in the temperature.
The main aim of this study was to determine the effect of slope position on some
soil physico-chemical properties .The study was conducted on a pine forest soil , Tartous.
Soil samples were collected from top , mid and bottom slope positions at hor
izon- A and C
of top and mid slope positions and at horizon A,(B)and C of bottom slope positions .
Results showed a significant difference among the physico-chemical properties of top ,
mid and bottom slope soils . Bulk density of the top - slope (1.34 gcm-3) was the highest
followed by mid ( 1.31 gcm-3) and bottom slopes (1.27 g cm-3) .Conversely ,Organic
matter content (2.86%) ,electrical conductivity EC(0.20mmos/cm) , calcium(28.3
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by mid and top- slopes , respectively . Soil A and C horizon of top and mid slope positions
and A ,(B)and C horizons of bottom slope positions were also significantly different in
their physical and chemical properties . Horizon A had the highest organic matter
,electrical conductivity , calcium , magnesium , silt contents and lower bulk
density,CaCO3, sand contents than both the (B) and C horizons of bottom slope and the C
horizon of top and mid slope .The deterioration in physico-chemical properties of top slope
as compared to mid and bottom slopes and that of A horizon as compared to C horizons
were presumed to be due to past soil erosion effect that removed the finer soil particles
including soil organic matter and other plant nutrient.
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