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Register a new userStudy and Determination of the Most Important Biological Parameters of the Predator, Nephus includens Kirch and Comparison with Parameters of the Famous Introduced Predator, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant
دراسة قيم أهم المؤشرات البيولوجية و تحديدها لدى مفترس البق Nephus includens Kirch المحلي الدقيقي و مقارنتها مع مؤشرات المفترس الشهير المدخل Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant
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Damascus University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2006
fields
Plant Protecion
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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ربي كـلٌّ مـن المفتـرس المـدخل Mulsant montouzieri Cryptolaemus و المفتـرس المحلـي Kirch includens Nephus على آفة بق الحمضيات الدقيقي Risso citri Planococcus فـي مركـز اللاذقية لتربية و تطبيقات الأعداء الحيوية، و من ثم أُجريت دراسة مقارنة لأهم المؤشرات البيولوجية (المقـدرة الافتراسية، دورة الحياة، طول العمر، القدرة على تحمل الجوع، الخصوبة، المعدل الجنسـي، نسـبة خـروج البالغات) لكلا المفترسين في الظروف المخبرية. أثبتت النتائج المخبرية للبحث تفوق المقدرة الافتراسية لـدى إناث المفترس و ذكوره montrouzieri. C على مقدرة إناث المفتـرس المحلـي و ذكـوره includens. N بمقدار ثلاثة أضعاف و بفروق معنوية و بشكل مشابه تفوقت المقدرة الافتراسية ليرقات الطور الثالث للمفتـرس الأول بمقدار ثلاثة أضعاف من مقدرة المفترس الثاني و بفروق معنويـة بلغـت 87.30±76.3 ،53.10±41.2 حورية ط2/اليوم. كما أثبتت النتائج ارتفاع مؤشر الخصوبة لدى إناث المفتـرس montrouzieri. C علـى قيمة مؤشر خصوبة المفترس includens. N بمقدار 8.1 مرة، و بفروق معنوية إذ بلغـت 3.107 ±78.14، 70.59±63.13 على التوالي. في حين تماثل كلٌّ من المفترسين في قيم باقي المؤشرات البيولوجية و بفـروق ظاهرية (مراحل التطور البيولوجي، القدرة على تحمل الجوع، طول العمر لذكور و إناث كلا المفترسين، نسـبة خروج البالغات، النسبة الجنسية).
Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant and the local predator, Nephus includens Kirch were reared on the Planococcus citri Risso in Lattakia Insectary for Rearing Natural Enemies. A comparative study was done applying the most important biological parameters (Predation rate, life cycle, longevity, starvation tolerance, fecundity, sex ratio, adult emergence) for both predators under laboratory conditions. Research results proved the overpass of that predation rate of C. montro- uzieri males and females, was greater than that of males and females of N. includens, by three folds with significant differences. Similarly the perdition rate of the third instar, in first predator over passed three times the rate of the second predator, with significant differences reaching 10.53± 2.41, 30.87±3.76 nymphs (second nymphal instars)/day. The results proved a significant rise of fecundity index in females of C. monrtouzieri over that of predator, N. includens by 1.8 times (50.70±13.63, and 107.3±14.87, respectively), while both predators were equal in values of other biological parameters with no significant differences (biological development stages, longevity of males and females, adults emergence and sex ratio).
References used
Ahmed, S. (1961). The Punjab Fruit Journal. The quarterly Official Organ of the West Pakistan Co-Operative Fruit Development Board LTD. Ayub Agricultural Research Institute Lyallpur (West Pakistan). Ph. D. (Florida) pp469
Al-Khateeb, N. and Raie, A. (2001). A study of some Biological Parameters of the Predator, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Mulsant) Introduced to Planococcus citri Risso in Syria, and estimate of its predation rate in the Laboratory. Arab. J. Pl. Prot. 19, 131-134
Bodenheimer, F. S. (1928). Contribution towards the knowledge of the citrus insects in Palestine. Preliminary report on the work of the Palestine breeding laboratory at Petahtikwa, 1924-27. Palestine Citrog, 1, 3-16
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The ladybird predatos (Coccinella septempunctata L.) was bred by the cross
mating method, which is followed in all international bio – control centers, to
be transformed from the natural local strain into laborators one, which enable
continous pro
duction and collection of predator groups without affecting the
numerical measurements of the most relevant morphological parameters, such
as insect's body length, and the biological traits, such as fertility, predators
efficacy multiplication, longivity, metamorphesis duration, and sex ratio.
This study was conducted on predator Coccinella septempunctata at laboratory
conditions , under average of temperature 20± 2Cº.
Results confirmed: Average of life cycle time was :27.3±4.1 days ( egg development
time 6.5±0.5 , larvae 13.2±0.5 , pup
a 7.5±0.5 days).Also the study of predation efficiency
showed that the average number of aphids consumed by each of the four instars larvae
were (57.9±10.6 , 63.7±9.4 , 66.5±8.3 , and 348±43.4) respectively. Therefore the fourth
larva instar seemed more predation efficiency, as compared to other three instars ,it
consumed double that the three instars consumed, but adult consumed 121±4.5 number
of aphids in one day.
Macrolophus caliginosus (Hemiptera: Miridae) is a zoophytophagous predator
widely used in integrated pest management programs in both greenhouse and open-field .
Mass rearing of Macrolophus caliginosus is greatly dependent on Ephestia kuehniella
Z
eller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs as food source. Moreover, the addition of this
factitious prey after the inoculative releases of Macrolophus caliginosus under field
conditions is recommended to facilitate establishment of this mirid. However, E.
kuehniella eggs are expensive and availability is limited. One possible strategy to reduce
the amount of E. kuehniella eggs needed is the provision of sugar.This study was
conducted during the period between May and November in 2014 in the labs of the
Lattakia center of rearing bio enemis. In this work, the effect of sucrose as nutritional
supplement on selected life-history traits of M.caligenosus was studied. The addition of
sucrose (100 g/l) ad libitum to a diet of E. kuehniella eggs significantly increased the
progeny of Macrolophus caliginosus and did not affect survival of nymphs nor
developmental time. Moreover, addition of sucrose significantly reduced the number of E.
kuehniella eggs consumed. These results may have practical implications of interest in
mass rearing systems of M.caliginosus and its management in fields and greenhouses as a
part of integrated control programs.
This research investigates the actual beginning of experimental animation films and
their main directions. The research also reviews the most important pioneers of abstract
experimental animation in both Europe and the U. S. A. such as Leopold Surv
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the techniques used, on the other. We move on after that to the most wellknown figures of
the pictorial school in Europe as Lotte Reinger, Berthold Bartosch and Alexander
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The research moves on to take up the review of the contemporary experimental
directions which began in the early 1950's and continued up to the present time, the
directions which produced significant figures and experiments of paramount importance in
the history of animation , such as Walter Disney, Ivan Vano, Osamo Tezuka, Norma
Mclaren in addition to John Halas. These approaches shape the future of animation. The
present research sheds light on the significance of both previous (earlier) experiments and
the prospect of animation films.
In this research, nine inbreed lines of squash (Cucurbita pepo, L) have been
studied during 2007-2008 seasons. The study contains plant phonological
phases, and the most important morphological and productivity characteristics
related to fruit yie
ld to evaluate the characteristics of every line and identify the
economical lines to use it in the breeding programs. The study showed genetic
variation between the groups for some important economic characteristics as
(the number of fruits per plant, percentage of female flowers, yield per plant,
stem long and number of nodes till the first female flower). The study also
showed that the inbreed lines of squash is a rich source of variation and can be
use in a breeding program to product squash hybrid. The results appeared also
the positive correlation between the productivity and some important economic
characteristics, such as percentage of female flowers (r=0.871**), the number of
fruits per plant (r=0.976**). Whereas negative correlation with the nodes till he
first female flower (r=- 0.494) and internodes long (r=- 0.447). Using cluster
analysis, the inbreed lines were classified into 2 distinct classes A and B, Class
A contained seven inbreed wreathe class B contained Tow inbreed lines.
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