يعالج هذا البحث صورة الجزيرة الفراتية و بلاد الشام في القرن الخامس الهجري/ الحادي عشر الميلادي كما قدّمها ناصر خسرو في رحلته "سفر نامه", فيوضّح خط سير ذلك الرحالة في ذينك البلدين, و كان خلال مروره في المدن و البلدات التي اجتازها يصور واقع الحياة فيها, فقدم معلوماتٍ وثائقيةً مهمةً و متنوعة في جوانب مختلفة, فهناك ذكرٌ لبعض الأخبار التاريخية, و عرضٌ للواقع السياسي القائم, و لبعض الأعمال الحضارية في عهد بعض الحكام الذين عاصرهم في بعض المناطق, و تصوير لكثير من الجوانب الحضارية, فهي تلقي ضوءاً على العديد من النواحي العمرانية كمواقع المدن و أبوابها و اتجاهاتها و أسواقها و عمائرها المختلفة من دينية و مدنية و عسكرية, و زخارف تلك العمائر و نقوشها, كما توضّح مصادر المياه في كل منطقة سواء من الأنهار أو العيون أوالآبار أو من مياه الأمطار و غيرها, كما تبيّن الزراعات من أشجار و نباتات, و كذلك الحرف و المهن, و أهم المراكز التجارية و النقود و الموازين, و بعض المواد المتاجر بها, كما تحتوي بعض المعلومات الاجتماعية, و منها عدد السكان في بعض المدن, و المذهب الشائع في بعض المناطق, و زيارة الأماكن المقدسة, و بعض الاعتقادات و العادات التي كانت موجودة آنذاك, و غير ذلك.
The search treatsAportrait of the al-Gazera al-Foratuh and Bilad al-Sham in the fifth
ALhagrah century/ The eleventh century AD, as Nasirkhusraw introduced it in his journey
(book of travels) "Safar- nama". He explains his travelling line that tour between that
Countries and he was revealing the position of life through his passing in those cities and
Countries. He introduced important, various and documentary information in different
sides. There was record for some historical news, he appeared the political situation there
and for some civilized works for the being rulers in some areas.
He showed much of the civilized sides, which gave light to the many numbers of the
populated positions as the positions of the cities, their doors, towards, markets and their
different, military, civilized, religion building and the carvings of that building and their
mosaic. As they explain the sources of waters in each area whereas of rivers or of springs
or the wells or of rain waters and the others. As the framings of trees and plants,
occupations and hobbies, and the important commercial centers, coins and the libras, and
some materials for trading in them. As they contain some social information, and some
population in some cities and the religion in those areas, avisit to the holy places, some
being habits and beliefs there and another thing.
References used
LESTRANGE; G. Palestine Under the Moslems, Beirut, 1965
تامر, عارف. تاريخ الاسماعيلية. ط1, رياض الريس للكتب و النشر , لندن-قبرص, 1991م.
Aleppo has enjoyed great importance in the age of the Mamluk Empirecircassian because of the importance of its geographical location on the northern border of the state Mamluk. Aleppo was an administrative point of central authority in the city of Ca
This article Talks about relations between Byzantium and Al Ghassasina since Al
Gassasina arrived in North west peninsula ( Belad Al Sham ) levant From The southern
Arabian Peninsula As This article shows how could military and Political strength P
This study seeks to focus on the efforts of the eleventh century scholars concerning
interpretation of "ALQADI ALBAIDAWI " by examining the most important
reasons for the interest of scholars in this interpretation, and the manifestations of
this interest-eleventh century, which manifested itself through the authoring and
Overstuffing it, and care teach, and hold debates around it, as well as attention to
the typing and copying this important interpretation.
Levant was always expressive of travelling to Egypt, through it over invaders and
conquerors alike, so we find when all authorities and successive States in Egypt taken to
extend their power and influence to the Levantine homes, whom the Fatimids,
The question of the transition of power in the Ottoman Empire, an important issue
shed Ottoman sultans, and occupied their mind for long periods, as they interned them in
the midst of civil conflicts and local war, have been instrumental and head i