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Register a new userSyrian industry and international agreements
الصناعة السورية و الاتفاقيات الدولية
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Added by
Tishreen University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2014
fields
Economy
and research's language is
العربية
Authors
كفاح علي جقموق( باحث )
Created by
Shamra Editor
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تحتل الصناعة أهمية كبرى في الاقتصاد الوطني، و تزداد هذه المكانة أهمية في ظل ما يستجد على الساحة الدولية من متغيرات ترتبط ارتباطاً مباشراً بالتبادل التجاري الدولي و علاقة الدول ب بعضها البعض و انعكاسها على الميزان التجاري لهذه الدول ،و في هذا الإطار قامت سورية بعقد العديد من الاتفاقيات الثنائية و الدخول في تكتلات اقتصادية إقليمية، و لتحقيق النتائج المرجوة من هذه الاتفاقيات تم اتخاذ العديد من الخطوات عبر مواءمة التشريعات و القوانين لمتطلبات الاقتصاد العالمي و إصدار تشريعات جديدة لتكييف تجارتها مع قواعد التجارة العالمية، غير أن النتائج الأولية لم تكن بمستوى الطموح، و على الرغم من توفر الإمكانيات الاقتصادية و الفرص المتاحة غير المستغلة، إذاً لم تكن سورية الرابحة من كل الاتفاقيات التي عقدتها مع الدول و التكتلات الأخرى بما فيها منطقة التجارة الحرة العربية الكبرى ، فقد كان هناك خلل فهل هو في عدم الإدراك الحقيقي للسياسات المطروحة لهذه الدول أي أن هناك قصوراً في فهم أهداف هذه التكتلات أم أن هناك خللاً في آليات المتابعة و التطبيق من قبل الأجهزة المختصة و القائمين على تطبيقها؟
Industry Occupies a great importance in national economy , and increases the prestige importance in light of the international arena' variables directly linked to the exchange of international trade and the relationship of states to each other and the impacts on the balance of trade for these countries , and in this context, Syria has held a number of bilateral agreements and entering into blocs regional economic and achieve the desired results of these agreements has taken several steps over the harmonization of legislation with the requirements of the global economy and the issuance of new legislation to adapt its trade with global trade rules , but the initial results were not of the level of ambition , despite the availability of economic possibilities and opportunities untapped , so Syria were not the winner of all the agreements struck with the states and other blocs , including the Free Trade Area of the Greater Arab , that there was a defect is it not real understanding of the policies put forward for these countries means that there is a lack of understanding of the objectives of these conglomerates , or that there is a defect in the mechanisms follow-up and application by the competent organs and their application ?
References used
وزارة الصناعة ، برنامج تحديث الصناعة السورية، وثيقة البرنامج الوطني للتحديث الصناعي، 2009
جامعة الدول العربية صندوق النقد العربي ، التقرير الاقتصادي العربي الموحد ، 2010
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This research aims to define the reality of the Syrian industrial sector and analyze its contribution to the national economy, as the industry, with its various sections, is considered one of the basic economic pillars that contribute to bringing abo
ut qualitative changes in the process of economic and social development. Jobs chances . The Syrian industries sector, with its various divisions, is one of the important sectors that contribute to achieving a great deal of development depending on strengthening the concept of economic independence for the state by dispensing with imports in addition to providing goods to the population. By studying the contribution of the Syrian industrial sector to the formation of the gross domestic product And the contribution of the Syrian industrial sector in the formation of the gross domestic product. The contribution of the industrial sector in the employment of the labor force. The contribution of the industrial sector to exports. Consequently, reaching a set of results that show the reality of the industrial sector and its contribution to the national economy, in addition to submitting a set of proposals that may contribute to overcoming the causes leading to its low performance in a manner that enables it to achieve the desired goals.
The Syrian pharmaceutical industry is a real tributary for
development in Syria. Like other industries, pharmaceutical
industry suffers from subordination to the West, in the sense that it
collects pharmaceuticals according to licenses from intern
ational
companies. Research and development are almost virtually nonexistent
in it. On the other hand, the faculties of pharmacy provide
planty of contribute with abundance of scientific researches, which
can play an important role for the benefit of the companies,
cooperate with them, and contribute in providing them with
applications of new drugs. The most important results of the search,
are the weak interaction between the faculties of pharmacy and the
pharmaceutical industry, and the fact that the pharmaceutical
companies do not benefit from the results of the research of the
faculties of pharmacy, regardless of the conviction of the possibility
to benefit from these researches through the development of a
mechanism for fruitful cooperation for both parties.
In view of the weak economic position of the shipper vis-à-vis the carrier and his inability to discuss the terms of the maritime transport contract and what resulted from the principle of freedom of contract from severe damage to shippers, insurance companies, banks and consignees, the general rules of liability have become invalid to regulate the responsibility of the carrier.
Industry is considered the main support of economical development in all around
the world ، while Extractive industry in particular considered the main supporter of
economical development in countries of Arabian peninsula since all elements of its
are available.
This study depend on uses some of statistics indexes to demonstrate the importance
of industry in comparison with the other economical activity in the country of
territory such as the rate size of industry، rate of density of industry and rate of
industrial importance.
This study shows that there are differences between industrial size and its density in
Saudi Arabia. However، the existence of oil lead to take the first rank in industrial
importance، United Arab of Emirates was taken the second rank، but Yemen and
Oman were taken the last rank.
For that reason the other countries of the territory should care of the industrial side
and take the benefit from industrial countries experiences.
This research defines Khraig, whose production is restricted to Syrian coastal area. Khraig is the oil extracted from olive fruits after blanching, covered fermentation and drying. All qualitative characteristics of this oil are studied: weight, refr
active index, saponification number, iodine value, ultraviolet absorption, fatty acids percentages, peroxide value and free acidity percentage determined as oleic acid. The last two parameters are found to be the main causes for the non-conformation of Khraig oil to the Syrian and International standards of virgin olive oil. Hence, it is necessary to study the effects of the abovementioned treatments of olive fruits on the produced oil.
The results indicate that increasing either blanching time from five to ten minutes, or time of covered fermentation from two to three days considerably increases peroxide value of the produced Khraig oil exceeding thus the maximum limit set by the Syrian and International standards. In addition, both treatments lower oil quality by increasing its acidity. The results also show that drying olive fruits for two days instead of one day has a negative effect on oil quality by decreasing organoleptic score and increasing both acidity and peroxide value. Sun drying raises organoleptic score and decreases acidity compared to drying in the shade, but it increases peroxide value, and hence decreases the period of oil storability.
There is a need for further studies of Khraig oil, especially the effects of the abovementioned processing steps on important oil constituents related to quality, nutritive value and storability such as tocopherols, sterols, and polyphenols. Likewise, the study of the desirable flavor compounds of this oil is also necessary.
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