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Heritability and Genetic Advance of Some Physiological and Productive Indicators in Many Cotton Genotypes

درجة التوريث و التقدم الوراثي لبعض المؤشرات الإنتاجية و الفسيولوجية في عدة طرز وراثية من القطن

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 Publication date 2014
  fields Field Crops
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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Seven cotton varieties (Rakka 5, Aleppo133, Aleppo 90, Aleppo 118, Aleppo 40, Deir 22, and Line124) were used in the study of some quantitative characteristics of cotton yield and its components (seed cotton weight per boll/g, 100seed/g weight average, lint percentage %, seed cotton weight per plant/g, total dry matter weight, seed cotton yield per unit area kg/ha), and physiological qualities (leaf area cm2, leaf area index %). The seven varieties were grown in Salhab (Al-Ghab region, Hama) in 2012 using randomized complete block design with three replications. The study included estimating variance, broad sense heritability, genetic progress, and genetic correlation between cotton yield and its components, which is to be used in breeding programs.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تتناول هذه الدراسة تحليل درجة التوريث والتقدم الوراثي لبعض المؤشرات الإنتاجية والفسيولوجية في سبعة طرز وراثية من القطن المزروعة في منطقة الغاب بمحافظة حماه خلال الموسم الزراعي لعام 2012. الطرز المدروسة تشمل حلب133، حلب90، رقة5، دير الزور22، حلب118، حلب40، والسلالة1246. تم استخدام تصميم القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة بثلاثة مكررات لدراسة مجموعة من الصفات الإنتاجية مثل متوسط وزن قطن الجوزة الواحدة، وزن 100 بذرة، معدل الحلج، إنتاجية النبات الواحد، كمية المادة الجافة، وإنتاجية وحدة المساحة. بالإضافة إلى بعض المؤشرات الفسيولوجية مثل مساحة أوراق النبات ودليل مساحة الأوراق. أظهرت النتائج وجود فروقات معنوية بين الطرز المدروسة لمعظم الصفات المختبرة، مع تفاوت في قيم درجة التوريث والتقدم الوراثي. كانت أعلى درجات التوريث لإنتاجية القطن، مساحة أوراق النبات، ودليل مساحة الأوراق، مما يشير إلى إمكانية استخدام هذه الصفات كأدلة انتخابية لتحسين محصول القطن. كما أظهرت النتائج وجود ارتباط إيجابي ومعنوي بين إنتاجية القطن ومعظم الصفات المدروسة، مما يعزز من إمكانية تحسين الإنتاجية من خلال الانتخاب لهذه الصفات.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تعتبر هذه الدراسة مهمة جداً في مجال تحسين إنتاجية القطن من خلال التركيز على الصفات الوراثية والفسيولوجية. ومع ذلك، يمكن توجيه بعض الملاحظات النقدية لتحسين جودة البحث. أولاً، كان من الممكن توسيع نطاق الدراسة لتشمل مناطق زراعية أخرى في سوريا للحصول على نتائج أكثر شمولية. ثانياً، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى تأثير العوامل البيئية المختلفة على الصفات المدروسة، مما قد يؤثر على دقة النتائج. أخيراً، كان من الممكن استخدام تقنيات تحليلية أكثر تقدماً لتحليل البيانات الوراثية والفسيولوجية، مما قد يزيد من دقة النتائج ويوفر رؤى أعمق حول العلاقات بين الصفات المختلفة.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي الطرز الوراثية للقطن التي تم دراستها في البحث؟

    الطرز الوراثية التي تم دراستها تشمل حلب133، حلب90، رقة5، دير الزور22، حلب118، حلب40، والسلالة1246.

  2. ما هي الصفات الإنتاجية والفسيولوجية التي تم تحليلها في الدراسة؟

    الصفات الإنتاجية تشمل متوسط وزن قطن الجوزة الواحدة، وزن 100 بذرة، معدل الحلج، إنتاجية النبات الواحد، كمية المادة الجافة، وإنتاجية وحدة المساحة. أما الصفات الفسيولوجية فتشمل مساحة أوراق النبات ودليل مساحة الأوراق.

  3. ما هي أعلى درجات التوريث التي تم العثور عليها في الدراسة؟

    أعلى درجات التوريث كانت لإنتاجية القطن، مساحة أوراق النبات، ودليل مساحة الأوراق.

  4. ما هي الفروقات المعنوية التي أظهرتها الدراسة بين الطرز الوراثية المختلفة؟

    أظهرت الدراسة وجود فروقات معنوية بين الطرز الوراثية المختلفة لمعظم الصفات المدروسة، مما يشير إلى تباين وراثي كبير يمكن استغلاله في برامج تحسين القطن.


References used
Abd elrahman, S.H., and A.H Abdalla. ˝Investigations of character association in some upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes.i.Yield and yield components˝ .J.of Agricultural Sciences,Vol.3,No.1,pp.1-12, 1995
Ahmad, M. and F.M. Azhar. 2000. Genetic correlation and path coefficient analysis of oil and protein contents and other quantitative characters in F2generation of G. hirsutumL. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 3(6):.1051- 1049
Al-Marsoomi, A.I.,1982: Breeding Studies on Cotton. Ph. D. Dissertation ,University of Alexandria , Egypt
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Seven cotton varieties ( Rakka5, Aleppo133, Aleppo90, Aleppo118 , Aleppo40, Deir22, Line124) were grown in village Salhab ( Al-Ghab region , Hama) in 2012 using randomized complete block design with three replications. were used to study estimation of variance, broad sense heritability, genetic progress and correlation some of their technological characters (Staple length mm, Length uniformity% , Fiber fineness %(micronaire), trength Fiber(g/tex), Fiber elongation%, fiber maturity%), that’s to explore potentials Genotypes in search region and put the numerous selectoral evidence in order to obtain an additive and fast improve on the technological characters, The study showed significant differences between in the studied genotypes, for most of the considered traits. The study suggested a variation of the values of Heritability, Genetic advance in the characteristics technological of cotton., the highest Heritability of which was in the Staple length and than trength Fiber, Fiber elongation , Fiber fineness, fiber maturity, Length uniformity, characteristics where the inheritance degree reached (0.98, 0.97, 0.89, 0.80,0.75, 0.30) , genetic development% (1.03, 1.35, 0.36, 1.31,1.22, 0.11). The results also showed a positive significant correlation between Staple length and trength Fiber (r = 0.901**), also between Fiber elongation with fiber maturity and Length uniformity ( r = 0.64**, r = 0.422**), and this gives us the area and ease of movement to put the numerous selectoral evidence in order to improve the technological characters of cotton.
Nine Syrian cotton genotypes i.e. Aleppo 33/1, Aleppo 118, Aleppo 90, Aleppo 40, Aleppo 124 Rakka5, Deir Al-Zour 22, Line 106 and Rusafa, were used for statistical and genetic analysis for productivity and some chemical indicators of seeds: Lint p ercentage%, cotton weight per plant/g, percent of oil in seeds and pulp, percent of protein in seeds and pulp, percent of humidity in seeds and pulp, to explore the potentiality of the genotypes in the studied region, and to establish a program for the production of cotton and seeds, also to determine the selective indecies to be used to improve cotton productivity and seed components, using randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment was conducted in Salhab village, Al-Ghab region, Hama governorate, Syria, during 2015 season.
This research has been carried out at the experimental Station of Agriculture Faculty, Damascus University during the period of 1998-2000. Five parents were selected from the Cotton Office Germplasm (Aleppo40, Raqua5, Dir22, Daltabain50, 88G6104) to examine the inheritance of some morphophysiological, yield, and quality related traits. In1998, the five parents were hand-crossed in all combinations (with no reciprocals) generating ten F1 hybrids. During 1999, the ten crosses and their parents were planted to produce F2 seeds. In 2000 the F1s, F2s, and their parents were grown in a randomized complete block design with two replications. Heritability estimates in broad sense showed that the earliness traits possess the highest values, followed by total and actual bolls number, indicating the importance of additive gene action in the inheritance of these traits. Whereas, heritability values for other traits were markedly different, revealing the genetic diversity of these hybrids parents. High estimates of expected genetic advance were found to be associated with high heritability estimates for total and actual bolls number, indicating that direct selection should be effective for these traits. On the other hand, improvement of traits, possessing intermediate estimates of genetic advance and high heritability estimates, such as total bolls number, harvest index, flowering earliness and fiber elongation in some studied hybrids, through direct selection might be less effective. The results suggest that traits with high heritability estimates associated with low estimates of genetic advance; and those possess intermediate estimates of heritability and genetic advance or low estimates of both parameters are most likely controlled by non-additive genes, therefor, direct selection might not be effective for improving these traits.
The experiment was carried out at two planting dates in a Randomized Complete Blocks Design with three replications at Maize Research Department, General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches (G.C.S.A.R.) Damascus, Syria, during two cro pping season 2011 and 2012 to study the phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation, heritability, genetic advance, phenotypic correlation and path coefficient analysis for grain yield per plant, its components and the height of plant and ear of two maize hybrids (IL.292-06 × IL.565-06, IL.459-06 × IL.362-06).
The research was carried out at Tal Hedya Research Center in Aleppo, General Commission for Agriculture Scientific Research (GCSAR), Syria, during 2011 and 2012 seasons. Seven genotypes of cotton were used, and complete diallel hybridization was m ade to study general and specific combining ability of some productivity traits (sympodial branch number, actual boll number and seed cotton yield). General combining ability (GCA) indicated that the parental genotype Cherpan432 had a high significant GCA for sympodial branch number and actual boll number, but the parents Aleppo118 and Deir El-Zour22 had the high GCA for seed cotton yield. This is a clear indication that these parental genotypes had the largest number of additive genes action, which plays important role in the inheritance of the above-mentioned traits. The estimation of SCA values showed favorite and high significant values in many hybrids resulted from parents, which had highly significant GCA, which means that the gene action type is (additive x additive), and this refers that these hybrids possessing the largest number of additive genes. High heritability broad sense refers to importance of genetic variance in the inheritance of all characters, but heritability in narrow sense values were low in general, indicating the importance of dominance and epistasis genes in the inheritance. According to this result it is recommended to follow the cross method for improvement of the studied traits.
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