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Register a new userNumerical Simulation Of Human Femur Mechanical Behavior
المحاكاة الرقمية للسلوك الميكانيكي لعظم الفخذ البشري
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محمد درويش( باحث )
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أهمية و أهداف البحث : يهتم علم الميكانيك الحيوي بدراسة وظيفة و حركة النسج الحيوية اعتماداً على خصائصها الميكانيكية. يعد العظم من أهم النسج الحيوية حيث يعطي للجسم قوامه و كذلك يؤمن استقراره أثناء الوقوف و الحركة. على وجه الخصوص، يؤمن عظم الفخذ استقرار الجسم أثناء الوقوف كما أنه له دوراً رئيسياً في تحقيق مشية طبيعية و في انتقال متجانس للقوى و العزوم. يتمثل هدف هذا البحث في تصميم نموذج رقمي لعظم الفخذ البشري بدء من الصور الطبية التشريحية عالية الدقة، و ذلك بالاستفادة من البرامج الهندسية المختصة بمعالجة الصور الطبية و بالتصميم الهندسي في سعي لمحاكاة استجابته الميكانيكية. تتمثل فائدة ذلك في تقديم معلومات طبية هامة لأطباء الجراحة التقويمية حول نوع و توزع الإجهادات الأعظمية مما يساعد في توقع مسارات و تفسير أسباب الكسور و التشوهات، كما يتيح إمكانية تقييم الاستقرار الميكانيكي لطرق التثبيت و التقويم الجراحي. مواد و طرائق البحث: تم إنتاج نموذج رقمي ثلاثي الأبعاد لعظم الفخذ اعتماداً على صور طبقية محورية لمنطقة الورك و ذلك باستخدام برنامج DeVIDE v. 9.8 لمعالجة الصور الطبية. تم بعد ذلك بناء نموذج ثلاثي الأبعاد و إنجاز كل من التحليل الميكانيكي السكوني و تحليل التعب باستخدام البرنامج Ansys 14.5. النتائج و المناقشة: تم تحديد الخطوات اللازمة لتصميم النماذج الخاصة ثلاثية الأبعاد انطلاقاً من الصور الشعاعية. أظهرت النتائج لتوزع الإجهادات و الانزياحات ضمن عظم الفخذ البشري الطبيعي عند شروط تحميل طبيعية، حيث بلغت قيمة الانزياح الأعظمي الإجمالي للنموذج 7.18 mm، في حين بلغت القيمة الأعظمية للإجهاد المكافئ للقيمة 26.21 ميغاباسكال. أظهرت نتائج التعب لقيمة حياة قدرها 1e6 و قيمة دنيا لمعامل أمان تساوي 3.28. الاستنتاجات و التوصيات:يوصى باعتماد البرمجيات و تقنيات التحليل الرقمية في نمذجة و محاكاة الأنسجة الحيوية بشكل ثلاثي الأبعاد و ذلك بغية استخدامها في التطبيقات الطبية المختلفة بما يخص الجراحة التقويمية أو تقييم الأطراف التعويضية الصناعية.
Importance and aims of the research Biomechanics science is interested in studying the dynamic function and the movement of vital tissues depending on their mechanical properties. The main objective of this research is to design a digital model of the human femur using the engineering software specialized in medical image processing and engineering design in order to simulate the mechanical behavior. This would provide important medical information to orthopedic surgeons concerning the paths and the causes of bone fractures and deformities, and open a new perspectives in prosthetics efficiency enhancement. Materials and methods A three dimensional digital model of the femur was produced using the software DeVIDE v 9.8 for medical image processing. A surface triangular mesh was constructed and the mechanical response of the model has been simulated using Ansys 14.5. Results and discussions We have shown the steps necessary to design a computerized model of femur bone on the basis of three-dimensional X-ray images. The results showed the distribution of stresses and displacements of human femur at normal load conditions. Conclusion and recommendations It is recommended to adopt the specialized engineering software for the threedimensional simulation which can be used in different medical applications.
References used
KIM, K., HSU, S., WOO, L. Tensile properties of the medial patellofemoral ligament: The effect of specimen orientation. J. Biomech. Vol. 21, N°4 , 2013, 92-98
HAMBLI, R., ALLAOUI, S. A robust 3D finite element simulation of human proximal femur progressive fracture under stance load with experimental validation. Ann Biomed Eng. Vol. 41, N°12, 2013, 2515-27
HARRIS, M., ANDERSON, A., HENAK, C. Finite Element Prediction of Cartilage contact stresses in normal human hips, Journal of Orthopedics Research. Vol. 3, N°2, 2012, 1-7
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