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Isolate and identify of seed borne fungi of two varieties of soybean[ Glycine max (L.) Merril ]and the effect of infection rate on seeds germination

عزل و تحديد الفطريات المحمولة على بذور صنفين من فول الصويا [ Glycine max (L.)Merril ] و تأثير نسبة الإصابة في إنبات البذور.

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 Publication date 2014
  fields Biology
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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The aime of this study was to isolate and identify the seed borne fungi of two varieties of Soybean, Sb172 and Sb44, using blotter method and P.D.A plate method. 21 species belong 10 genus were determined, saprophyte and pathogen Fungi. P.D.A plate method showed the highest number of fungi in comparison with the other method, and the fungus Aspergillus was the most frequent genus with a ratio of 44.2% for the variety sb172 and 45.14% for the variety sb44, followed by the fungus Cladosporium and then Fusarium, whereas the genus Colletotrichum showed the lowest frequent ratio (0.85%) with the variety Sb172. The percentages of seeds germination and infection were differed between the two varieties, and the ratio seeds germination of variety sb172 were higher than the variety sb44 with the both methods of culture, and were equal 94% with prim variety and 92% with the second ones by blotter method, whereas the ratio were 52% and 34% for both varieties respectively by P.D.A plate method. However, the ratio of infection were, in general, lower with prim variety than the second ones by the both method. The results showed the seeds which were highest ratio infection appeared low ratio germination .


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Research summary
هدفت الدراسة إلى عزل وتحديد الفطريات المحمولة على بذور صنفين من فول الصويا، Sb172 و Sb44، باستخدام طريقتين: أوراق النشاف المبللة وأطباق البتري الحاوية على وسط P.D.A. تم تحديد 21 نوعاً من الفطريات تنتمي إلى 10 أجناس، منها الرميّ ومنها الطفيليّ. أظهرت طريقة أطباق الـP.D.A العدد الأكبر من الفطريات مقارنة بالطريقة الأخرى، وكان جنس Aspergillus الأكثر تردداً بنسبة 44.20% للصنف Sb172 و 45.14% للصنف Sb44، يتبعه جنس Cladosporium، ثم Fusarium. في حين كان جنس Colletotrichum الأقل تردداً بنسبة 0.85% للصنف Sb172. أظهرت النتائج أن نسبة إنبات بذور الصنف Sb172 كانت أعلى من الصنف Sb44 بكلتا الطريقتين، حيث بلغت 94% للأول و92% للثاني بطريقة أوراق النشاف المبللة، في حين كانت النسبة 52% و34% للصنفين على الترتيب بطريقة أطباق P.D.A. كما أظهرت النتائج أن البذور التي كانت نسبة إصابتها أكبر بيّنت نسبة إنبات أقل. توصي الدراسة بتحديد الفطريات المحمولة داخلياً أو خارجياً على بذور الأصناف المدروسة ودراسة تأثيرها في إنبات البذور في الحقل، ودراسة إمكانية مكافحة الفطريات الممرضة باستخدام فطريات فعالة حيوياً، ودراسة التغيرات النسيجية للبذور التي تسببها الإصابة بالفطريات المحمولة داخلياً.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تعتبر هذه الدراسة مهمة في مجال علم الفطريات والزراعة، حيث تسلط الضوء على تأثير الفطريات المحمولة على بذور فول الصويا على نسبة الإنبات. ومع ذلك، يمكن تحسين البحث من خلال تضمين المزيد من التفاصيل حول الظروف البيئية التي قد تؤثر على نمو الفطريات وانتشارها. كما أن الدراسة لم تتناول بشكل كافٍ تأثير العوامل الكيميائية أو البيولوجية الأخرى التي قد تؤثر على الفطريات والبذور. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، كان من الممكن أن تكون الدراسة أكثر شمولاً إذا تم تضمين أصناف أخرى من فول الصويا أو محاصيل أخرى للمقارنة. على الرغم من هذه النقاط، فإن الدراسة تقدم مساهمة قيمة في فهم تأثير الفطريات على إنبات البذور وتقدم توصيات مفيدة لمكافحة هذه الفطريات.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي الفطريات الأكثر تردداً على بذور فول الصويا في الدراسة؟

    الفطر Aspergillus كان الأكثر تردداً بنسبة 44.20% للصنف Sb172 و 45.14% للصنف Sb44.

  2. ما هي نسبة إنبات بذور الصنف Sb172 باستخدام طريقة أوراق النشاف المبللة؟

    نسبة إنبات بذور الصنف Sb172 باستخدام طريقة أوراق النشاف المبللة كانت 94%.

  3. ما هو الجنس الفطري الأقل تردداً على بذور الصنف Sb172؟

    الجنس الفطري الأقل تردداً على بذور الصنف Sb172 هو Colletotrichum بنسبة 0.85%.

  4. ما هي التوصيات التي قدمتها الدراسة لمكافحة الفطريات الممرضة؟

    أوصت الدراسة بتحديد الفطريات المحمولة داخلياً أو خارجياً على بذور الأصناف المدروسة ودراسة تأثيرها في إنبات البذور في الحقل، ودراسة إمكانية مكافحة الفطريات الممرضة باستخدام فطريات فعالة حيوياً، ودراسة التغيرات النسيجية للبذور التي تسببها الإصابة بالفطريات المحمولة داخلياً.


References used
ABDULLAH,S.K. and AL-MOSAWI,K.A. Fungi associated with seeds of Sunflower (Helianthus annus) cultivars grown in Iraq. Phytopathologia. Vol.57, 2010, 11-20
ABOLOMA,R.T. and MORIYIKE ,E.M. Fungi associated with Irvingia gabonensis (Ogbono) and Colocynthis citrullus (Egusi) seeds sold in markets in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti state Nigeria. J. Nat. Prod. Plant Resour. Vol.2, No.3, 2012, 423-426
AKHTAR,N.; MIRZA, J.H.; BAJWA,R. and JAVAID,A. Fungi associated with seeds of some economically important plants. Mycopath. Vol.5, No.1, 2007, 35-40
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