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Register a new userSibaweih's Book in the Light of Modern Linguistics 1.Methodology
كتاب سيبويه في دائرة ضوء علم اللغة الحديث 1 - (المنهج)
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يونس يونس( باحث )
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يسلط هذا البحث الضوء على أبرز أسس منهج سيبويه في كتابه, و هي في مجملها لا تختلف عن الأسس التي يستند إليها المنهج الوصفي الحديث, و قد اهتدى سيبويه في أوّل موسوعة لغويّة عربيّة, و بشكل ينمُّ على صواب منهجه و ريادته في هذا المجال, و يتضح ذلك في المستويات اللّغويّة الثلاثة: الصّوتيّة و الصّرفيّة و النّحْويّة. لقد تتبعنا الطريقة الّتي عالج بها الظواهر اللّغويّة, و مجموعة العمليات العقلية الاستدلاليّة الّتي استند إليها لكل جوانب هذه الظاهرة, إلى جانب الأسس الواقعيّة الّتي اعتمدها في تحقيق ذلك, و هي نفسها الّتي شاعت في الغرب فيمَ بعد, على النحو الآتي: ( السماع- اللّغة و الكلام- اللّغة المنطوقة و اللّغة المكتوبة- وحدة الزمان و المكان- الاستقراء- التصنيف) .
This research highlights the most recognizable basics of Sibaweih's methodology in his book. Altogether, they are not different from the modern descriptive approach. Sibaweih appears in the first Arabic Linguistics Encyclopaedia, in a way that presents the righteousness of his pioneering methodology, as is apparent in the three linguistic levels of: Phonology, Morphology and Syntax. We have traced the method he followed to treat the linguistic phenomena, which in all its forms constitute a constellation of semantic and intellectual operations based on all aspects of this phenomenon, next to the realistic principles that he relied on to achieve his goal. Themselves are the principles that gained circulation in the West later on; as follows: listening; language and speech; spoken and written language; unity of time and place; induction; and categorization.
References used
الاستقراء و المنهج العلمي: الدكتور محمود محمد فهمي زيدان, دار المعرفة الجامعية, الاسكندرية, 1988م.
القرآن الكريم
أصول النحو العربي في نظرة النحاة و رأي ابن مضاء: الدكتور محمد عيد, عالم الكتب, القاهرة 1973
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Highlights this search light on the study of sound in the book Sibawayh according curricula modern linguistics , turned out to us that Sibawayh realized the importance of the audio system , and was fully aware that the study sounds introduction is a
must to study the language , and also shows that he has dealt with the description ( sound operative ) , Between numbering , and select audio and accompanying movements of the members of the pronunciation.
The department Sibawayh Arab voices depending on the pronunciation control outside air from the mouth to the voices of ( silent ) and sounds ( tide and soft ) .
Then we studied the symmetry voice in the book Sibawayh ( symmetry between the consonants : symmetry next , and substitution ) , and ( symmetry full - slurring - diphthong doubled , diphthong Close together ) , and ( symmetry next , symmetry mastermind ) , and ( symmetry voice and tilt ) , and ( symmetry voice and followers).And studied voice offset in the book Sibawayh : ( offset voice and semantics ) , and ( offset voice and deletions ) , and ( offset voice and mitigation)
This paper deals with curriculum Sibawayh in the study of the morphological level compared to modern curriculum that dealt with this aspect, it shows us that the definition of discharge has not been clear scientific form, but said rules and accountab
ility of the book, but the language that consists of words structure description, and the structure of words, which consists of votes .
And found that the word building in the Arabic language is based on the votes silent, or consonants that make up the word Islands, and adhesives that are added to the roots, and finds that the islands is the word center, and adhesives in the form of precedents, or suffixes added to the floor to function as syntactic or semantic.
It also sees adhesives units restricted banking can not be used individually, but must relate to free banking unit, and that these adhesives lead when added to the morphological units free to grammatical functions, and this corresponds with the modern language lesson.
This comes Search integral part of the series of research thatinvolved under the title (Al Ketab in light of the Department of Modern Linguistics), where she studied in the first part, the curriculum at Sibawayh In the second part, the audio level, a
nd the third morphological level, and in this section I will present a study on the grammar level, which includes rules of grammatical relations in the book Sibawayh (moral clues: the presumption of attribution, customization and specialization, objectivity, question, verbal clues: connectivity, as convergence, toning).
Then substitution rules [Description structural rules in the book Sibawayh: replacement, career symmetry. Conversion rules: introduction delays, deletion.
And come to the conclusion: The concept of the deep structure of the curriculum Sibawayh than it is in the modern descriptive approach on the one hand that the manufacturing rules of submission and delay, delete and increase, is linking the deep structure and surface structure, highlights our scientific method right at all as laid down in the foundations, and the year of the principles reflect the fact that the descriptive approach, which has a close connection, but to draw attention to benefit from his approach breathes life in Arabic linguistic theory.
Methodology represents the basics of Building. The scientific work
as Well as its representing approaches, its forms and its methods ،all of
which represent the possipility of occurring new knowledge (epistemic)
activity, and its forms and methods
. The method is the corner stone in it.
Some researchers misunderstand this science by limiting it only to the set
of methods. It represents a common area that links philosophical sciences
and specialized sciences. It does not include new knowledge, rather, it
shows how to attain this knowledge. Its main purpose is to turn
knowledge into scientific principles and rules.
Methodology consists of four levels; Philosophical methodology,
General scientific, Specific (science system), and special.
The research aims to contribute to the knowledge of scholars of Palestine in the science of interpretation, particularly one of the fundamental reform of the science of interpretation of this flag is the author of Muhammad Izzat Darwaza modern interp
retation, The first topic devoted to the for definition Darwaza and of his time for the detection of the most prominent reasons that have contributed to the formation of ideas and opinions, and made the topic the second platform for the reform of the modern interpretation of interpretation for the detection of the position of the previous interpretations of Darwazeh and diagnosis of the gaps where there were repeated, and a plan for the best understanding and interpretation of the Koran in order to overcome these gaps, and then made the topic of the third The concept of destination as the basis for the reform of destination and the focus of reform of science in the interpretation of the modern interpretation.
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