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Register a new userA Contribution to Studying Settling Factor and Thickening of Activated Sludge in wastewater treatment plant
مساهمة في دراسة عوامل ترسيب و تكثيف الحمأة المنشطة في محطات معالجة مياه الصرف الصحي
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إن عملية المعالجة بالحمأة المنشطة واحدة من عمليات معالجة مياه الصرف الصحي المنزلية و الصناعية الأكثر شيوعاً. و تعد فعالية ترسيب الحمأة في المرسبات مقياساً لمدى كفاءة عمل المحطة ككل. و في هذا البحث تم دراسة العلاقة بين خصائص ترسيب الحمأة و أداء وحدات التهوية في عملية المعالجة بالحمأة المنشطة, و ذلك عن طريق إجراء تجارب الترسيب على محطة تجريبية تعمل بنظام الحمأة المنشطة المهواة بمعدل عالي. و كذلك تم إجراء مجموعة من التجارب على مياه محطة معالجة مرج معيربان التي تعمل بالتهوية المديدة لدراسة العوامل المؤثرة في ترسيب الحمأة المنشطة و ذلك بالاعتماد على مؤشر حجم الحمأة SVI و سرعة الترسيب الأعظمية UMAX و الزمن الموافق لسرعة الترسيب الأعظمية TUMAX. عند المعالجة بنظام الحمأة المنشطة المهواة بمعدل عالي وجد أن بارامترات الترسيب التجريبية (Vo, n) حساسة جداً و تتغير إلى حد كبير بتغير قيم المواد الصلبة المعلقة MLSS في حوض التهوية, و باستخدام العلاقات الرياضية يمكن التنبؤ بقيمة (Vo, n) و استخدامها لتصميم و اختيار نظام تشغيل الحمأة دون اللجوء لإجراء اختبارات الترسيب التقليدية. أما عند المعالجة بالتهوية المديدة فوجدنا أن سرعة الترسيب الأعظمية UMAX هي المؤشر الأكثر أهمية في عملية الترسيب و نحصل على معاملات ارتباط (R2) جيدة بين UMAX و كل من (SVI , MLSS, TUMAX) فكانت عند درجة حرارة (20OC) كانت على التوالي (%98,96,98) و عند درجة الحرارة(17OC) على التوالي (%97,96,97) و هي تقريباً نفس القيم. و وجدنا أيضاً أن مؤشر حجم الحمأة SVI يرتبط ارتباطاً وثيقاً ببارامترات الترسيب (TUMAX,UMAX) عند درجة الحرارة(OC20) كانت معاملات الارتباط (%99,98) على التوالي, و عند درجة الحرارة(OC17) بمعاملات ارتباط (%9798,), سرع الترسيب UMAX كانت أكبر و زمن الترسيب TUMAX كان أصغر عند درجة الحرارة (20OC) مما يدل على تحسن الترسيب بارتفاع درجة الحرارة. و كانت النتيجة أن درجة الحرارة عامل مؤثر على الترسيب و من الضروري أخذها في الحسبان في عمليات تصميم و تشغيل محطات المعالجة بالحمأة المنشطة.
The activated sludge is one of the most common methods of sewage treatment , which has been studied through to find the relation between sedimentation properties and the performance of aeration units. sedimentation experiments were applied on a highly- aerated activated sludge experimental treatment plant .Also, another experiments were applied on Marj Maerban treatment plant which is operated using the extended aeration method in order to find the Factors influencing the settling of activated sludge . These experiments were done using the Sludge volume index (SVI) ,the maximum velocity sedimentation rate (UMAX) and the time corresponding to the maximum velocity of sedimentation (TUMAX).In experimental treatment plant. We found that the sedimentation experimental parameters (Vo, n) are very sensitive and can be changed significantly with changing the values of suspended solids (MLSS) in the aeration tank. The mathematical relationships can be used to predict the value of (Vo, n) as well as designing and selecting the operating system of sludge without resorting to a conventional sedimentation tests . We also found in the extended aeration the maximum velocity sedimentation rate (UMAX) is the most important in settling process as we got some good correlation coefficients (R2) between UMAX and (TUMAX, MLSS, SVI) was at a temperature (20OC) were respectively (98, 96,98%), and when the temperature (17 OC) respectively (97,96,97%) which is almost the same values. We noticed that the sludge volume index (SVI) is closely associated with the settling parameters (UMAX, TUMAX) with the correlation coefficients were respectively (98,99%) on the temperature of (20OC) and (98,97%) on the temperature of (17OC) . Velocity sedimentation rate (UMAX) was the largest and deposition time (TUMAX) was smaller on the temperature of (20OC) Indicating an improved sedimentation with higher temperatures . Subsequently, temperature is an influential factor on deposition and It is necessary to be taken into account in the design and operation of activated sludge treatment plan.
References used
Jenkins, D. Richard,M.G., Daigger, G.T..Manual on the Causes and Control of Activated Sludge Bulking, Foaming, and Other Solids Separation Problems. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, 2003
Martins, A.M.P., Pagilla, K.R., Heijnen, J.J., van Loosdrecht, M.C.M.Bulking filamentous sludge e a critical review. Water Res. 38 (4), 793e817, 2004
Kim, Y. Solids storage function of activated sludge settling tanks during hydraulic overloads. PhD dissertation, Drexel University, 1995
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This study was performed at three plants for sewage treatment in Syrian coastal
villages: al-Hara, Murj-Muairban, and Hibbeat. Dry sludge samples were collected from
drying sludge basins monthly, during the period October 2011-September 2012. We
d
epended on different global ways to isolate the eggs from the sludge (flotation,
sedimentation, filtration through special sieves).
The microscopic study results of the sediment showed the presence of 5 different
species of the parasitic worm-eggs, belonged taxonomically to five different species of
parasitic worms, two species belonged to Nematoda: Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris
trichura, and three species belonged to Platyhelminthes: one species of them belonged to
Trematoda: Schistosoma mansoni, and the other two species belonged to cestodes: Taenia
saginata, and Diphyllobothrium latum.
The average number of worms eggs isolated from the dry sludge resulting from the
three studied sewage treatment plants (al-Hara, Murj-Muairban, and Hibbeat) recorded
relatively close values, the most number in the dry sludge resulting from the treatment
plant in Hibbeat with an average 97.16% eggs/50g, then al-Hara with an average
75.08egg/50g dry sludge. Also the results showed that the isolated eggs were more
diversed in Hibbeat treatment plant, this an indicator of the health status of the population
in the studied sites.
Study showed that the number and diversity of parasitic worm – eggs use more
observed in Summer and Autumn than in Winter and Spring.
As a result of increased environmental awareness and interest in the effective protection
of the environment from pollution, the restrictions have increased on the disposal of
wastewater, and the need to the treatment plants has arisen to treat the
wastewater prior to
disposal in water bodies, whether water from either large or small communities. As a result of
the importance of these facilities and cost of material massive construction, operation and
maintenance. In order to facilitate the design process and calculate the initial cost it was issued
some software that helps engineer in the design of the various parts of the station, and in order
to choose the equipments and comparison between several alternatives in objective ways to
choose the most appropriate. Some of these programs are dynamics. It has the ability to
simulate the work of the treatment plant along the time and predict its efficiency and
performance. STOAT is a software that aims to model and simulate wastewater and industrial
wastewater treatment plant, and it is one of the newest technology that uses the latest
developments in process modelling, simulation and a wide range of tools that simplifies the
model building and simulation and give the results in graphics and tables, allowing us to
examine the complex interactions between the various units within the station by interactive
and dynamic methods and this is important for the effective design, operation and management
of wastewater treatment plants. Hence, we take the coastal area as a case study where there are
number of modern wastewater treatment plants of small agglomeration and is being work, as
Kherbet al-Maaze wastewater treatment plant in Tartous. Using STOAT, the study shows a
good efficiency and performance of Kherbet al-Maaze WWTP using (ASM1,ASAL1) models,
and we could build several scenarios like arrival of high pollution load to the station in order to
evaluate and predict its performance.
The study was conducted to determine the efficiency of the aerobic treatment of primary sludge resulting from sewage sedimentation and to determine the optimum residence time by measuring the indicators of total solids, chemical oxygen demand, organic content and dewatering ability of the sludge.
The corrosion of biogas pipes and equipments damage as generators, boilers and coprocessors is one of
the most real important problems in Damascus wastewater treatment plant (at Adra region). These
problem caused high financial losses and costs , t
hat it required studying and solving. Biogas is the result
of an aerobic digestion process of sludge, it contains about 50-70% of methane as a main resource of
power, where the biogas considers free when it release spontaneity. Different analysis have been occurred
on the biogas to show its components, tests on the pipes material and analysis of sediment material inside
the pipes that caused by biogas.
This research has included quarterly and periodically physical and chemical analysis of treatment wastewater in the Latakia countryside during year 2011 by testing three treatment plants similar in the mechanism of action and distributed in three v
illages (Happit, Al-Harah, Marg Moairban).
This study has included the measurement of temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and determination of nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, and chloride.
In this research, potentiometric using Selective Electrodes ISEs, the Visible Spectrum, and the Turbidimetry methods were used.
The results showed significant differences in concentrations of the studied ions between one station to another. The highest nitrate concentrations (228.33mg/l) were recorded in Happit treatment plant especially in summer, and the highest phosphate concentrations (41.81mg/l) were in Happit treatment plant in summer. Whilst the highest sulfate concentrations which ranged between (508.67– 1157.33)mg/l were in Al-Harah treatment plant at all seasons. The highest chloride concentrations (310.33mg/l) recorded in Happit treatment plant in summer.
The statistical study has demonstrated and showed high and sometimes low correlation coefficient R2 so that gives clear indications about the sources of pollution.
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