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Register a new userA Biological Study of the Callosobruchus (Bruchidae: Coleoptera) Species & Recording One of its Parasitoides
دراسة بيولوجية لأنواع خنافس البذور من الجنس (Callosobruchus (Coleoptera :Bruchidae و تسجيل أحد طفيلياتها
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أجريت الدراسة المخبرية خلال العام 2010 لبيولوجيا خنافس البذور الآتية: Callosobruchus chinensis و C. maculatus و C. analis (Bruchidae: Coleoptera) على بذور العدس للنوع الأول و الحمص للنوعين الآخرين، و تبين أن لها 10 و 8 و 5 أجيال - على التوالي - خلال فترة النشاط التي امتدت (من شهر آذار حتى شهر تشرين الثاني للنوع الأول و الثاني و من شهر نيسان حتى شهر تشرين الأول للنوع الثالث). وضعت أنثى النوع C. maculatus 100.29 ± 18.26 بيضة خلال 11.14 ± 0.64 يوماً من حياتها على حين وضعت أنثى النوع C. chinensis 83.29 ± 6.32 بيضة خلال 6.43 ± 0.49 يوماً و وضعت أنثى النوع C. analis 75.29 ± 9.05 بيضة خلال 6.71 ± 0.70 يوماً. يستغرق التطور من مرحلة البيضة إلى مرحلة الحشرة البالغة 25.87 ± 3.29 و 31.43 ± 5.09 و 35.36 ± 3.49 يوماً - على التوالي - لتلك الأنواع تحت الظروف البيئية للمخبر. لم يلاحظ أي اختلاف في مدة التطور بين الذكور و الإناث عدا لدى النوع C. maculatus فقد انبثقت الذكور قبل الإناث بحوالي 12 ساعة. كانت النسبة الجنسية (ذكور:إناث) أكبر لصالح الإناث من الذكور في النوع C. chinensis (1: 1.1) ، و أكبر لصالح الذكور من الإناث في النوع C. maculatus (1.1: 1)، و متساوية في النوع C. analis (1:1). تم تسجيل الدبور المتطفلAnisopteromalus calandrae (Howard , 1881) (Pteromalidae: Hymenoptera) على النوع C. maculatus للمرة الأولى في سوريا.
A Laboratory study was conducted during 2010 on the biology of seed beetles: Callosobruchus chinensis, C. maculatus and C. analis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on lentil seeds for the first specie and chickpea seeds for the last two species. These beetles completed 10, 8 and 5 generations respectively when they were active (from March to November for the first and second species and from April to October for the third species ). C. maculatus laid an average of 100.29 ± 18.26 eggs over a period of 11.14 ± 0.64 days, C. chinensis laid 83.29 ± 6.32 eggs over 6.43 ± 0.49 days and C. analis 75.29 ± 9.05 eggs over 6.71 ± 0.70 days. The total development process from egg to adult takes an average of 25.87 ± 3.29, 31.43 ± 5.09 and 35.36 ± 3.49 days respectively for species under the ambient laboratory conditions. There was no difference in the development time between males and females except for C. maculatus, where the male emerged about twelve hours before the female. Sex ratio (male: female) was more in favour of female than male in C. chinensis (1: 1.1) and more in favour of male than female in C. maculatus (1.1: 1), but equal in C. analis (1: 1). The parasite wasp Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard, 1881) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) could be considered the first recorded on C. maculatus in Syria.
References used
BANTO, S. M.; SANCHEZ, F. F. The Biology and chemical control of Callosobruchus chinensis (Linn.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Philippine Entomology, 1972, 2:167-182
BECK, C. W.; BLUMER, L. S. A Handbook on Bean Beetles, Callosobruchus maculatus. National Science Foundation, 2007, 12
CENTER, T. D.; JOHNSON, C. D. Coevolution of some seed beetles (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) and their hosts. Ecology, 1974, 55: 1096–1103
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This experiment was carried out to study the effect of increasing gamma
radiation doses (up to 24 GY) on the eggs of Callosobruchus maculatus, at
different ages, to determine their effect on egg hatching rate, and other
biological traits of the em
erging adults from eggs treated with sub – lethal
doses.
It has been noticed that the low gamma radiation doses killed most of the
one –day old eggs before hatching, and no adult insect could emerge from
hatching those eggs, and the dose of 12GY caused the same effect, but on two
day-old eggs. when eggs were at the age of 3, 4, and 5 days, gamma radiation
didn’t have influenced on the embryo development, but demise percentage,
increased after hatching.
The percentage of emerged adults was only 1.8% for the eggs treated with
16 GY gamma radiation.
A study for tribe Coccinellini (Coccinellidae, Coeloptera) was conducted in
south of Syria. The objective of this study was to determine the species and
their relative abundance. Members of this tribe important for biological control
because they
are primariy predators on aphids. The adults Coccinellids were
collected from agriclture and natural ecosystems from August 2001 the end of
July 2003. The results revealed the presence of 10 species belonging to 8 genera.
The investigation included their abundance and distribution in south of Syria.
The species Anisosticta novemdecimpunctata (L.) was recorded in Syria for the
first time. The Adonis ladybird, Hippodamia (Adonia) variegata (Goeze), was
the commonest species. and the most abundant ones were H. variegata (Goeze)
44.9%, Oenopia conglobata (L.) 27.7% and Coccinella septempunctata L.
10.5%.
This study was conducted on predator Coccinella septempunctata at laboratory
conditions , under average of temperature 20± 2Cº.
Results confirmed: Average of life cycle time was :27.3±4.1 days ( egg development
time 6.5±0.5 , larvae 13.2±0.5 , pup
a 7.5±0.5 days).Also the study of predation efficiency
showed that the average number of aphids consumed by each of the four instars larvae
were (57.9±10.6 , 63.7±9.4 , 66.5±8.3 , and 348±43.4) respectively. Therefore the fourth
larva instar seemed more predation efficiency, as compared to other three instars ,it
consumed double that the three instars consumed, but adult consumed 121±4.5 number
of aphids in one day.
The purpose of this research is to study and create a mathematical model under the terms of the probability of randomly imposed, specially by building a model of random Complex Solar particular by removing the salinity of the water, and thus to obtai
n fresh water and that, under certain conditions.
We Assure that the question of finding the optimum values for the variables solar collector above represent varieties of special issues of mathematical modeling and nonlinear stochastic, we point to that the most effective ways to find the perfect solution for this kind of issues are stochastic gradient methods
A laboratory study was conducted on the parasitoid Citrostichus phyllocnistoides
Narayanan (Eulophidae : Hymenoptera)under average of temperature (18.12± 2.12 Cº)
with Temperature range from 15-23Cº. The final results oflaboratory study indicated t
hat
parasitoid was passed four stages to complete life cycle. The average development time
was: 3.7±0.9 days for eggs – 7.8±0.9 days for larvae,(the time required from the eggs to
hatch and continued untilthelarvae enter the pupal stage 6-10 days) , and12.7±1.03 days for
pupa (the time required from the beginning of pupation to emergence of adult 11-14 days).
The parasitoid needs in average23.3±2.7 days to complete its life cycle. Male longevity
3.8±0.8 days , and female 4.2±0.9 days.
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