تعد معادلتا الاستطالة و الاستدارة أشهر معادلات التجانس المستخدمة في فرز
أحواض التصريف المائي بحسب قرب أشكالها من المستطيل أو الدائرة، إلا أن تطبيق
الأولى على أحواض التصريف المختارة، بين عدم جدواها في إعطاء نتائج دقيقة
تصادق عليها الملاحظة البصرية في حالات شديدة التعرض بين الشكل و النتيجة،
فضلا عن أنها لم تصنف الأحواض بحسب قرب أشكالها من الشكل المستطيل، أما
معادلة الاستدارة فكانت أكثر قربًا من الواقع الجيومورفولوجي في عموم نتائجها،
لكنها لم تساعد على فرز الأحواض تراتبيًا بحسب بعد أشكالها أو قربها من الشكل
الدائري. لذلك اقُترِحتْ معادلتان جديدتان، أفضى تطبيقهما إلى نتائج أكثر قربًا من
الواقع الجيومورفومتري لها، فضلا عن فرز الأحواض بصورة أكثر دقة من حيث
قرب أشكالها أو بعدها عن الشكل المستطيل أو الدائري.
كما عجزت الطرائق المعروفة لتصيف المجاري المائية- و هي طرائق
هورتونوسترهلر و شريف- عن تقدير الحجم الفعلي للشبكة النهرية بدلالة رتبة مجراها
الرئيس، و هو أمر أتاحته الطريقة المقترحة مع صعوبة ترميز شبكة المجاري المائية و فقها.
Similar forms of hydrological drainage basins (SHDB) are calculated
using several mathematical equations. The most important and famous
ones are the Elongation ratio and Circulation ratio equations. These
equations are not used only to categorize the water drainage basins
system according to their geomorphological likeness from being
rectangle or circle, but also they are very helpful means for quantification
and providing geomorphological information about the basins when it
comes to provide geomorphological analysis and explanations for these
basins.
However, this research shows that both equations are not capable of
answering all the questions about SHDB when results are cross validated
by the in-situ observations. It appeared that, when performing the
Elongation ratio equation on chosen hydrological drainage basins, it is
useless and does not match the reality in the field as it doesn’t classify the
drainage basins according to it likeness of being rectangle or circle. As
for Circulation ration equation, the results were generally closer to the
geomorphological reality in the field; however, it did not help in ordering
the drainage basins to their circular morphological similarity. Therefore,
two alternative equations were introduced to overcome these problems.
The results yield better accuracy in classifying the drainage basin according to their morphological shape compared to the rectangular or
the circular especially when cross validation is applied.
The known methods (Horton, Sterhler and Shreef) failed in
classifying the stream ordering system and to estimate the actual volume
for the river net according to the stream ordering class. The proposed
method enabled the classification in spite of the difficulty of coding the
stream ordering system classes based on it.
References used
Ajibade. L.T &Ifabiyi. I.P 7&Iroye. K.A &Ogunteru, S; Morphometric Analysis of Ogunpa and Ogbere Drainage Basins, Ibadan, Nigeria. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management Vol.3 No.1.(2010)
Al Saud. M: Morphometric Analysis of WadiAurnah Drainage System, Western Arabian Peninsula, The Open HydrologyJournal, 2009, 3, 1-10 1, 1874-3781/09 2009 Bentham Open, SpaceResearch Institute, King Abdel Aziz City for Science and Technology,P.O. BOX 15413 11444 Riyadh.(2009)
Boyd, M.J:A Storage-Routing Model Relating Drainage Basin Hydrology and Geomorphology, VOL. 14, NO. 5 WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, the American Geophysical Union.Paper number 8W0211.(1978)
خير، صفوح: الجغرافية، موضوعها و مناهجها و أهدافها، ط 1، دار الفكر، دمشق، .2000
This study was performed in the Research Laboratory of bees at the Faculty
of Agriculture, University of Damascus, Samples were collected from the
coastal region of Syria (Lattakia and Tartus), during the year 2009-2010, The
work aimed to conduct morphological characterization of bumblebees Bombus
terrestris (L.) in Syria, through some measurements to determine the
distribution (of this type of bees in the Syrian) regions.
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l
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