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Register a new userThe Urban Role in the Architectural Product Concepts between Local Architecture and International Architecture in Arab Countries
البعد العمراني في المنتج المعماري مفاهيم بين العمارة المحلية و الأعمال المعمارية العالمية في بعض البلدان العربية
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تبعاً لتعدد مصادر العلوم و المعرفة في التجارب المعمارية و العمرانية الحديثة محلياً و عالمياً، و تبعاً لأهمية التراث المعماري محلياً و عالمياً، و دوره في التأثير في تطور الفكر المعماري العالمي. يقوم البحث بتناول مجموعة من المفاهيم المعمارية و العمرانية المحلية، التي كان لها دور بارز في كثير من الأعمال العالمية في بلداننا العربية. تناول البحث أهمية وجود مجموعة من المفاهيم و العناصر العمرانية بشكل خاص، التي كانت موجودة في العمارة المحلية القديمة في النسيج المحلي للمدن العربية، و محتوياتها المعمارية. و انتقال هذه المفاهيم العمرانية لتكون جزءاً من المنظومة المعمارية و ليس العمرانية فقط. إِذ كان من الممكن لبعض المعماريين العالميين و المحليين الإفادة منها و الاستقاء من مبادئها و أسسها، و نقلها إلى المنظومة المعمارية بعد أن كانت تطبق على المستوى العمراني فقط ضمن النسيج العمراني للمدن القديمة. الأمر الذي أدى إلى بروز البعد العمراني بشكل ضمني في المباني المعمارية، فظهرت هذه المباني التي تحمل في بنيتها التشكيلية خصائص عمرانية أدت إلى تميز هذه المباني بمجموعة من الميزات و الخصائص التي تناول البحث بعض تفاصيلها. إِذ قام البحث باستعراض مجموعة من الأبنية المعمارية العالمية، التي نفذت في البلدان العربية، و التي تحتوي على مجموعة من المفاهيم العمرانية التي كانت أسساً رئيسة في البنية العمرانية للنسيج القديم في بلداننا العربية. كما قام البحث بالدلالة إلى هذه الاستخدامات و العناصر العمرانية التي استخدمت ضمن البنية المعمارية للمباني المستعرضة خلال البحث، و تأكيد على أهميتها ضمن المنتج المعماري، و توضيح الميزات التي تتحلى بها المباني المعمارية التي تحتوي على هذه العناصر، و طريقة تعاطيها مع البيئة العمرانية و المكانية المحيطة بها وفقاً لأهمية الدور العمراني ضمن منظومتها التشكيلية على المستويين المعماري و العمراني.
Because of the increasing of the scientific resources locally as well as internationally. and the importance of the local urban heritage as one of the resources. affecting the international urban and architectural concepts; this research deals with a group of local urban and architectural concepts, which have an important role in the development of the international architecture in Arabic countries. This research studies two important points; the first is the importance of some urban elements and conceptions, which existed in the local old fabric of the Islamic cities. and the second is the re-use of the urban elements to be a part of the architectural system but not the urban system. And some local and international architects get the benefit of this reusing in their buildings. The above mentioned ideas may be the real reason of the prominence of the urban dimension in the buildings. The urban dimensions produce distinguished buildings, which are some of our studies. Where the research shows and analyzes some of the international buildings that were built in Arab countries. These buildings may include some of the main concepts of the urban fabric in our countries. This research refers to the urban concepts which are used in the formulation of the architectural works in this research, it focuses on its importance of the architectural products, clarifying the properties of the buildings which have those concepts, and the way they deal with urban neighborhood, according to the importance of the urban role in its architectural and urban formulation.
References used
AL SULTANY , KHALED, Architectural Intertextuality Variation On Concept Application
The Works of Danish Architects In Arabic Countries, 2007
GYMPEL, JAN, The Story Of Architecture, From Antiquity To The Present, 2005
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Through studies of forms and theories of design and trends of some of European designers
over the centuries, and those who flashed fixed relationship between Architecture and society in
most of their work, in spite of differences in Academic learni
ng for our local Architects, we
found that they didn’t look for relationship of the colonial Architecture and the local Identity in
history and heritage, but through environment surrounding building, perspective, and location.
Thus, they built elegant regular buildings, by using consistent dimensions in typical
Module, then they covered it with elements and items, producing the so-called Arabized model.
It didn’t make us feel the contemporary technologies which were used with simulating or
domination, seeming habitual, without throwing off the identity and the relation with its cultural
heritage roots, of most Architects. We felt that we are in continuity between modernity and
history.
Our Architects, by their cleverness and their skills, succeeded in saving the features of our
personalities in their works. Some of them create building that maintain local characteristics
known as “The Arabized colonial Architecture “which indicated characters of the Arabic
Identity. Hybrid Architecture was born, it was clear in houses which were composed by
reinforced concrete, newly arrived with composite language (ottoman –Arabic and Italian)
which were developed in Beirut in the mid of the 19th century, which was known as Lebanon
House. It was known by three arches in the middle of the façade, repeated in new modeling
forms and these houses were done with multiple floors, in spite of these elements were
transferred from western Architecture forms such as flitted columns, complex crowns, lot of
decoration, but our character seemed clear and the hybrid mixture was successful.
Modern Arabic architecture has been facing important challenges imposed in many fields by changes occurring internationally and in the West, especially in terms of architecture. The effect of these changes on the visual appearance of the city has bee
n clearly evident, with everything this entails in terms of formation and architectural samples. This was due to a group of internal and external effects which contributed to accelerating the spread of intellectual theoretical movements and new architectural philosophies which differed in how they responded to local data.
This really problematic trend in modern Arabic architecture became apparent and manifested itself by achieving balance and integration between originality and tradition on the one hand, and modernism and contemporariness on the other. The number of frames available to the Arabic architect became more numerous, to include rejection, advocacy and reformation, and this was reflected in the architectural formations which became multiple and were characterized by pluralism. This led to the loss of their local identity and to a contradiction between their visual and formative modes. A number of Arab architects became aware of this problem at the end of the 20th century, so they analyzed its causes and its transformative mechanism. Attempts were started to find logical and rational solutions to guarantee harmony between technical and scientific development on the one hand, and a sense of belonging to the place on the other.
Because of the importance of the human sense of the surrounding people, objects or circles
and spaces, which makes everything in his life a different meaning and material or
emotional value or both, it was necessary to study the meaning and concept
of sense and
interpretation of the mechanism of access to the conversion of tangible things in the ocean
to perceptions of the same Mental and digital values, as well as in an attempt to interpret
perceptions of mental, scientific and digital values through analytical, applied field-based
analytical media to reach the senses and feelings of the building. This led the research to
the need to know the difference between the sense and perception on the one hand, and
research in the mechanism of the analysis of the intermediate of the inter-transfer between
the two directions between the sensation and perception.
Because architecture is one of the most important spaces that occupy the mind and passion
of the users materially and emotionally, the study and analysis of the emotional sensation
of users in the process of design and interpretation of the sense to reach the mental
perception and the importance of design in accordance with the process of mental
perception to reach a positive emotional feeling to the satisfaction of users.
It is known that a new style of economy based on knowledge coming up in
developed and developing countries within new millennium . This doesn't mean that
knowledge wasn’t known or used in economical activities، but the new is the effect
of knowled
ge in economical social life and humanity ، due to total national plans was
put in those countries to fill knowledge gap within last three decades .
This research focuses on national orientations towards knowledge economy through
its indexes in Arab countries, These indexes still shows that Arab countries are
consumers for knowledge commodities، and not producers . This need real
participation in knowledge producing to face social and economical problems which
consider the real challenges of these countries.
Architectural design subject is the backbone of the architectural education
curriculum. Moreover, the outcome of architectural design subject of first year is the base
that will form the students’ architectural thinking and skills in the upper leve
ls.
In this research, the author is attempting to examine architectural design educators'
views (36 teachers) of the First Year on the subjects of design education and the design
process. Since students' views are very important in formulating an educational model of
the design process, the author will also collect some students' views (114 students) from
architecture faculty, where he is employed at the University of Damascus.
The Study reveals several suggestions for improving the design methodology for
architectural design education in general and in first year in specific.
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