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Register a new userThe Child in the Children's Recruitment Crime Which Aims to Polytheism Them in the Fighting Actions … A Criminal or a Victim ?
الطفل في جريمة تجنيد الأطفال بقصد إشراكهم في أعمال قتالية مجرم أم ضحية؟
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منال منجد( باحث )
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يعد الأطفال الفئة الأكثر تضررًا من جرائم الإرهاب، حيث تتعدد و تتنوع صور الاعتداء عليهم، و نتيجة للإرهاب الذي عصف بسورية في المدة الأخيرة، انتشرت ظاهرة تجنيد الأطفال و إشراكهم في الأعمال القتالية من قبل المجموعات الإرهابية المسلحة، ما دفع المشرع إلى إصدار القانون رقم/ 11 / لعام 2013 الذي جرم إشراك الأطفال في الأعمال القتالية و الأعمال المتصلة بها. و قد ترتب على صدور هذا القانون وضعًا جديدًا غير سليم، إِذ أصبح الطفل مجرمًا و ضحية في آن واحد، فالطفل المجند يعد مجنيًا عليه في جريمة تجنيد الأطفال بقصد إشراكهم في الأعمال القتالية،و في الوقت نفسه فإنه يسأل عن الجرائم التي أقدم على ارتكابها خلال مدة تجنيده عند إلقاء القبض عليه، فهو إذًا مجني عليه في جريمة التجنيد، و هو جانٍ بالنسبة إلى الجرائم التي ارتكبها خلال مدة تجنيده، و في ذلك تناقض غير مقبول. موضوع هذه الدراسة هو التعريف بالطفل المجند من قبل المجموعات الإرهابية المسلحة و بيان السمات التي يتسم بها و التي تميزه عن غيره من الأطفال مرتكبي الجرائم، و تحديد المركز القانوني للطفل المجند و مسؤوليته عن الجرائم التي أقدم على ارتكابها خلال مدة التجنيد.
Children are the most damaged group affected by crimes of terrorism, suffering numerous forms of aggression. Due to the terrorism which has violently disrupted Syria previously, the phenomenon of recruiting children into combat and related actions motivated the law to release the Legal Decree n. /11/ for the year 2013 which criminalizes the recruitment and employment of children in combat. The publication of this law has developed a new contradictory situation where it has made the recruited child both a victim and a criminal at the same time. Therefore, the child is considered a victim in the recruitment and deployment of combat which aims to polytheism them in the fighting actions, while at the same time the child is also considered as being responsible for the crimes that he ventured to do during his recruitment period. This presents an unacceptable contrast within the law. The subject of this study is to identify the children which have been recruited by the armed terrorist groups, and to show the features displayed which distinguish such children from other children who are involved in criminal activity with the aim of defining the legal position for these recruited children and their responsibility towards the crimes that they have committed during their recruitment period.
References used
الدكتور أحمد فلاح العموش، مستقبل الإرهاب في هذا القرن، جامعة نايف العربية للعلوم الأمنية ، الرياض، 2006 , ص 77-78
الدكتور حسن جوخدار، قانون الأحداث الجانحين، الطبعة الرابعة، مطبعة جامعة دمشق، 1992
الدكتور عبود السراج، شرح قانون العقوبات- القسم العام، منشورات جامعة دمشق، 2007
بسام عاطف المهتار، استغلال الأطفال، الطبعة الأولى، منشورات الحلبي الحقوقية، 2008
الدكتورة دحية عبد اللطيف، جهود الأمم المتحدة لمكافحة تجنيد الأطفال في النزاعات المسلحة، بحث قانوني منشور في مجلة الشريعة والقانون، جامعة الإمارات العربية المتحدة، العدد الرابع . و الخمسون، 2013
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