This study aims at conducting a comparative study between the
Pseudostatic Approach that is based on the limit equilibrium theory
and the Dynamic Analysis using to the finite element theory using
Geostudio software.
The aim of this study was to determine some physical, chemical properties and
microbiological density (fungi –bacteria) of a Pine forest soil in the coastal region
(Mehwarti forest, Banias), where Pinus brutia is the main dominant plant.
Three soi
l profiles were carried out and their morphological characteristics were
determined, the thickness of accumulated organic residues and GPS data were also
recorded.
For physical and chemical analysis, samples from each profile horizon were taken
and air- dried, whereas for the microbial diversity analysis, samples were taken twice in
autumn and spring, and transported and stored at 4C.
The results showed that the studied soil belongs to Alfisol Order with A -Bt – C
profile types. Our results also showed that the soil depth was (85-100cm) and the texture
was clay with a high porosity in all studied soil horizons.
The content of calcium carbonate in the studied horizons was closely similar and
increased with soil depth, whereas the pH ranged between 6.8 and 7.9. The results
indicated that the organic matter decreased significantly with soil depth that affected the
microorganisms density which behave in the same manner. This decreas was very clear in
the first horizon especially in spring.
Land degradation deteriorates environmental systems and has direct and
negative effects on crops yield, pastures and forests. Land degradation is an old
phenomenon but in the last years it accelerated and spread widely to reach
some interne areas
in Syria like the studied area (Blay) which situated on the
road of Damascus-Sowyda. In this paper morphological, physio-chemical,
hydraulic and fertility study was done to clarify and define the reasons of this
degradation in this specified area. Three land sections were done and
morphologically described on site, soil samples were taken for analyses in the
laboratory. Results showed that, the degradation may be related to different
reasons like high apparent density which indicates the soil compacting, the low
cation exchange capacity (CEC) and the low hydraulic conductivity with a low
percentage of available water. Results also showed that the adding different
percentage of soil conditioners, like hay, compost, polymer and manure
ameliorates in different ratios the physical and hydraulic properties of soil.
The present study aimed to evaluate the ecological and phytosociological
status of panicum turgidum under the environmental conditions of the eastern
province of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 48 stands (each of 25 m2, i.e. 1x25 m)
were randomly selecte
d from three locations (Riyadh, Ogair and Damam)
which represent the optimum habitat of P. turgidum. The obtained results
showed that the dominated plant species associated with P. turgidum were
Cyperus conglomertus, Eragrostis barrelieri, Haloxylon persicum, Haloxylon
salicornicum, Heliotropium bocciferum, Launaea mucronata, Leptadenia
pyrotechnica, Monsonia nevia and Plantago ovata. P. turgidum, and is
recommended as an important grazing vegetation in deep sand soil. Soil salinity
(ECe), soil PH, CaCO3, organic matter, soil texture (Sand %) and soil moisture
(FC) were the most limiting soil properties affecting P. turgidum distribution
naturally at the studied area.
