Seven plant samples were collected from some locations of Syrian juniper
(Juniperus drupacea Labill.) in Syria for molecular characterization and to
determine the genetic relationships between them using ISSR technique (Inter
Simple Sequence Repea
ts). Twenty three ISSR primers were used for this
purpose, twelve primers showed polymorphism between studied samples and
gave 89 bands, with polymorphism percentage of 95.5%. The band number
resulted from each primer ranged between 4 bands for primers ISSR5 and
ISSR9, and 12 bands for the primer ISSR1, with an average of 7.42 bands per
primer. The minimum polymorphic percentage was 25% for primer ISSR9,
and the maximum polymorphic percentage was 100% for the all primers
except the primer ISSR9. The study showed correlation between the genetically
converged samples and the collection sites (geographic correlation), the highest
genetic relationship (93%) was within Latakia samples (Komat Alnabi Yonis –
Jobet Bergal) and the lowest genetic relationship (42%) was between samples
from Hamah (Jeb Alahmer) and Latakia (Almakamat) which refers to high
genetic variation. The cluster analysis showed that the samples from nearby
locations were gathered.
The research was carried out in the biotechnology Laboratory at the
Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, in cooperation with the General
Commission For Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), during the year
2012. Eleven genotypes of cul
tivated chickpea were planted to determine their
genetic diversity and the degree of genetic similarity using the ISSR technique.
16 primers were used for this purpose. Results indicated that Nine primers
proved their effectiveness in showing polymorphism among the genotypes
examined and the primers gave a total of 91 alleles with a polymorphic
percentage of 93.4%. The number of bands for each primer varied from a
minimum of 2 bands for the primers ISSR7-ISSR13 to a maximum of 16 bands
for the primer ISSR11, with an average of 9.1 bands per a primer. The results
also showed that the degree of genetic similarity ranged between 46 and 78%,
where the highest was 78% between the genotypes of Afghanistan – Morocco,
then 77% between the genotypes Tunisia-Afghanistan and Tunisia- Iran and
followed by Spain- Iran and Spain- Pakistan (50%) and the lowest was 46%
between genotypes Afghanistan- Pakistan.
