The discoveries of gas fields in the Eastern Mediterranean region led to many regional reactions; between those who welcomed it, and between expectations of the outbreak of conflicts over those fields and the overlapping of the influence of the major
countries in the region. In the forefront: Russia and the states The United States of America, the European Union, Syria, Turkey, Lebanon and Palestine. This research sheds light on the new gas discoveries in the Eastern Mediterranean countries and their economic and geopolitical impact on the relations of the major countries with the region. The study aimed to look at the reality of the energy war that the region is witnessing and its role in shaping future international policies and strategies. The study used the descriptive analytical approach to describing the true picture behind the strategies of the state's parties that were discussed, indicating the impact of invasive discoveries in drawing these strategies. The study concluded that the Middle East region embraces the most important wealth and the most intense battles. As none of the parties can work alone to end the conflict politically or militarily, but requires coordination on the level of international interests for each party, given that the region is only an arena that hosts a set of goals and interests the opposing major countries of the world.
In this research, I will deal with British
travel accounts to the Middle East around this period, attempting to
analyze their representation of the Middle Eastern landscape in the
light of Said's concept of "imaginative geography" represented in
his writings on Orientalism in Orientalism, Culture and
Imperialism and his article "Invention, Memory and Place".
After the dismemberment of the “Arab Homeland” by “Sykes – Picot Agreement”
(1916), “Belford Declaration” (1917), the Independence of the “Orient States” (1946), and
the establishment of the so-called “State of Israel” (1948), the concern of the US
A was
concentrated on rallying the States of the Middle East in a “Defense Organization” to
resist the Arab National Orientation, and the „Communist Threats”, and to protect the
western investments, through indigenous military forces and local self-finance. The USA
and Western commitment towards this defense system is restricted to some military and
technical assistance and full control of the military, economic, political, social and cultural
activities in a way that
protects and guarantees the western interests, investments and plans.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the cold war, Russia became the legitimate heir to the Soviet Union, and inherited his permanent seat in the UN Security Council, and the availability of a range of strengths such as geographicala
rea and economic potential and population, and military capacity, including large nuclear arsenal, has made Russia one of the actors at the international level, so they are trying today to have an important role in the Middle East, and aspires to be a competitor for the United States in the region, during the reign of Putin'sreflected Russian foreign policy in the Middle East positions strengthened with regional crises, we noted that in the Russian stance of the US occupation of Iraq, as well as the position of the so-called "Arab spring", this has made the role of Russia is increasing the importance of achieving stability in the Middle East.
