This work aimed to study the environmental factors influencing growth stopped of olive
leaf midge Dasineura oleae F. loew (Dipter: Cecidomyiidae) and its host
(Hymenoptera: Platygasteridae) Platygaster demades Walker, such as temperature and
reser
vation period. A series of experiments had been done to end this phenomena of
larvae by changing temperatures from suitable temperature at 20±1 °C accompanied
with different photoperiods 16 L: 8D and relative humidity of 75± 5% during 15, 30,
and 60 days, to low temperature at 7± 1 °C accompanied with complete darkness and
relative humidity of 75± 5% for 15 days. This had been done after 30, 60, 90 and 120
days of growth stopped.
The study aims at comparing ARIMA models and the exponential
smoothing method in forecasting. This study also highlights the special
and basic concepts of ARIMA model and the exponential smoothing
method.
The comparison focuses on the ability
of both methods to forecast
the time series with a narrow range of one point to another and the time
series with a long range of one point to another, and also on the different
lengths of the forecasting periods. Currency exchange rates of Shekel to
American dollar were used to make this comparison in the period
between 25/1/2010 to 22/10/2016. In addition, weekly gold prices were
considered in the period between 10/1/2010 to 23/10/2016. RMSE
standard was used in order to compare between both methods. In this
study, the researcher came up with the conclusion that ARIMA models
give a better forecasting for the time series with a long range of one point
to another and for long term forecasting, but cannot produce a better
forecasting for time series with a narrow range of one point to another as
in currency exchange prices.
On the contrary, exponential smoothing method can give better
forecasting for Exchange Rates that has a narrow range of one point to
another for its time series, while it cannot give better forecasting for long
term forecasting periods
This study was carried out during 2014-2015 in two different nurseries located in
University nursery (Lattakia governorate) and Salhab nursery (countryside of Hama
governorate). Seeds were taken from two sites of Lattakia governorate (Mashqita– Bsn
ada)
where Cordia myxa exists as exotic species in some coastal regions and three treatments in
addition to control were examined .The results showed that there is an effect of
scarification of seeds on investigated treatments and were significant differences in
germination percentage in both sites which recorded 55% in university nursery and 35% in
Al-Ghab nursery. While there were not contrast between the soaking in boiling and tap
water treatments on the seed germination energy in Al-Ghab nursery. Scarification
treatment gave higher value of germination energy 25% in Al-Ghab nursery and 21.66% in
university nursery , while the same treatment decreased germination velocity compared to
other treatments in university nursery which seed needed in average ( 8,01 day) whereas
the same treatment increased germination velocity in Al-Ghab nursery which needed (1,54
day). Finally, regarding to cutting ,There is not observe to any positive influence to
cuttings which treated in ABA hormone (1g/l) for (10,20,30 m). It could be deduced that
there were changes in germination percentage, germination energy and germination
velocity in two sites which appeared to be a Preliminary indication of impact of the some
dormancy breaking treatments on investigated indications of Cordia myxa Forsk. species .
The research trial was carried out at University of California, Davis,
Agriculture and Natural Resources, Cooperative Extension–Kearney
Agricultural Center (KAC).
Part of the scientific work in the laboratory started from November 1, 2001
through
out the end of February 2002. This trial was conducted using Pistacia
vera; the female variety ‘Kerman’ and its pollinator, variety ‘Peters’;… both
are grafted on the rootstock UCB1.
