Activating the philosophical concept of tolerance

Human societies suffered from worsening manifestations of intolerance and violence and intolerance, Creating an imbalance in the foundations and principles and values ​​that govern the relationship of the other so remove him intellectually and politically, religiously and humanly ….. The absence of tolerance lead to rule mentality of prohibition and criminalization. Conversely acquired the concept of tolerance many different meanings, and reflected a variety of images across different forms of human consciousness, Tolerance is no longer confined to the sectarian and religious side, but extended to the political, legal social side , Ethnic ....... ,These issues combined kick philosophers to raise a number of issues and issues relating to tolerance. Philosophy was one of the most fields of knowledge which has worked to entrench in the human mind. .As the need for today - as in many periods of human history - To breathe life into the lofty human values ​​and fertilized and dissemination, It may be appropriate to scrutinize the concept in terms of the philosophy of tolerance, Considering that philosophy is that test center where concepts and vital area to enrich and give them strength, impact strength in thought and behavior. Tolerance is hoped wagered not only a virtue but a necessity and existential social, cultural and political need. And in order to fortify the reality in front of all the risks of dogmatism and bigotry that can take us and targeting our existence and our gains and our aspirations.

Criticism and Innovation in the Abbaside Poetry between Fanaticism and Reality

The study was built on pursuing opinions of some contemporary researchers , then samples of the old critics' attitudes were displayed , it is two parts . The first part included two different trends of texts one of them is that on which the contemporary researchers have relied in an attempt to prove the old critics were fanatic and the other displayed several criticism texts of each old critic showing their positive critical attitudes towards the innovated poetry. The second part includes critical texts representing the critics' opinions from the end of the second century of Hegira until termination the dealing with the innovation in the Abbaside poetry issue.