تتناول هذه الدراسة العلاقة بين الإيرادات الضريبية والدخل القومي في سورية للفترة الزمنية الممتدة بين عامي ( 2000- 2011)
This study focused on the large taxpayers, or senior taxpayers in the tax community,
and how to tax them in accordance with the legislation, given the importance of this
segment for its huge tax revenues for the Public Treasury compared to the rest
of the
taxpayers as well as the importance of the sectors in which this segment operates (banks -
Insurance companies - telecom companies - oil companies). This paper starts by assessing
the concept of large taxpayer, and the characteristics of this segment and international and
the Syrian standards followed in identifying them. The study examines whether the Syrian
tax legislation gave them a special taxation treatment different from the rest of taxpayer
slices, and whether this treatment is actually implemented on the ground in the large
taxpayer unit specified by Resolution No. 2428, dated / 23/8/2006. In order to achieve this
goal, the researcher designed a questionnaire composed of 20 questions distributed to a
sample comprised of a number of unit staff large taxpayers in Damascus, as well as a
number of senior taxpayers (persons- person companies –capital companies). The study
found that the Syrian tax legislation has singled out this group by rules distinct from the
rest of the taxpayer segments. However, this special treatment has been applied in part and
did not apply fully on the ground. The study also offers a set of recommendations that
could help both the tax administration and scholars in Syria.
The different types of tax revenues are considered the most important types of public
revenues, particularly in developing countries. Given this, the proportion of tax revenues
make up the biggest amount of public revenues, and this is observed in
the budgets of the
Syrian Arab Republic. The evolution of the size of public revenues, especially tax revenues
compared with the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), shows the state's ability to finance its
growing public expenditure. It also shows the ability of the state in developing countries to
redirect part of cash surpluses to finance investments that help to establish the
infrastructure, and this applies to Syria. Therefore, it is necessary for us to study the
evolution of tax revenues in Syria because of its importance and its role in the economic
development process. This study is based on the cut accounts of the state budget, not on the
expected budgets in order to obtain accurate results from the process of the evolution of
taxation of different types, compared with the GDP in Syria, which is also reflected on
Syria's tax energy and its evolution and impact on tax evasion. This study proves that
economic reforms reflected on the financial policies and their tools in Syria during the study period
show a development in taxes as a result of a decrease in tax evasion and an increase in tax energy.
