Hypoxemia is defined as the condition of insufficient oxygen saturation of the blood. Hypoxemia considered as one of most dangerous problem encountered pulmonologists cardiologists and critical care nursing, it complicate the ICU stay of many childre
n every year with significant associated mortality, it causes more than two million deaths worldwide in children less than five years of age. The study aimed to identify the best pulse oximetry placement among three placements (thumb, big toe, and ear-lobe). The study was conducted in the department of intensive care, and incubators, in Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, and Al-Assad Hospital in Lattakia city, the sample consisted of 70 children. The results revealed that both the thumb and toe sites has an equal sensitivity in detection of hypoxemia.
Preterm birth is the leading cause of death for children under one year of age, and the main reason for the child to enter the incubator. Despite medical advances and technical winning in the care of premature infants., but they are exposed in Nurser
y Ward for environment stimuli not compatible with their level of developmental and evolutionary such as high levels of light and the noise that exceed the recommended levels in Nursery Ward. This leads to stress reactions by premature immature systems. demonstrating in one of their faces instability in vital indicators especially heart rate and oxygenation which may submit him for a short or long-term injuries .
Aim of the study:
Determine the effect of reducing the level of light and noise intensity in environment of Nursery Ward on the heart rate and oxygenation for premature infants.
Materials & Methods:
This true experimental design study of before and after on a sample of 30 premature acceptable in the Nursery Ward in Albasel Hospital in Tartous. they were selected in simple random way. Data were collected using a list to record demographic and health information for the mother and premature. reads of light-meter and noise-meter sitting beside the premature incubator, and reads of Oxy-meter connected to the premature wrist. was taken to every 5 minutes in each phase of the four phases, 60 minutes for each one, and conducted in the same day.1) Non intervention phase. 2) reduce light Intensity without noise Intensity reduction phase.3) reduce noise Intensity without light Intensity reduction phase.4) reduce light and noise Intensity together phase. These data were collected and analyzed using appropriate statistical programs.
Results:
This study showed a significant decrease in the mean of heart rate and a significant increase in the mean of oxygenation in the last three phases, compared with means in the first phase. This reduction and increase in the means was larger significantly in the fourth stage compared with the second and third phases. That because reducing light and noise will reduce its physiological stress to premature thus lower the pulse rate and increasing oxygenation. We can thus reduce the use of light and noise measures to improve the care environment for premature.
Nursery ward is the safe place for premature after deliverey . It contains the basic
requirements of life to him. but full of noise caused by alarms of devices, conversations of
health team, ringing phones, and close the doors, exceeds what is reco
mmended by the
American Academy of Pediatrics in the Nursery wards 45 dBA (decibel A-weighting).
Although it stimulates the autonomic system leading to physiologic instability like
disorder in the level of oxygenation. We found in this study conducted on 30 premature
with pre and post test, that the level of noise within first hour of non interventions reached
67.2 dBA, level of oxygenation inversely with noise level in it, and reduction of noise level
under 45 dBA at second hour increases the oxygenation significantly. so we suggests to
make reduce noise interventions within daily practices of nursing procedures, and
subsequent research to study effect of noise on the rest of vital premature indicators.
Nursery ward is the safe place for premature after deliverey . It contains the basic requirements of life to him. but full of noise caused by alarms of devices, conversations of health team, ringing phones, and close the doors, exceeds what is recom
mended by the American Academy of Pediatrics in the Nursery wards 45 dBA (decibel A-weighting). Although it stimulates the autonomic system leading to physiologic instability like disorder in the level of oxygenation. We found in this study conducted on 30 premature with pre and post test, that the level of noise within first hour of non interventions reached 67.2 dBA, level of oxygenation inversely with noise level in it, and reduction of noise level under 45 dBA at second hour increases the oxygenation significantly. so we suggests to make reduce noise interventions within daily practices of nursing procedures, and subsequent research to study effect of noise on the rest of vital premature indicators
Many factors affect dental pulp pulse oximetry technique (PO), as recipient
signals may reflect not only pulpal blood flow, but also may mixed with signals of blood flow of the
periodontal or gingival tissues. To evaluate the effect of isolation of
the periodontal tissues apart from the
dental crown using rubber dam; during pulpal blood oxygenation of the deciduous molars.
Anatomical features and color characteristics of teeth may affect the recipient
signals' nature during dental pulp oximetry, enamel tissue thickness may consider of the most important
factors. This clinical study aimd to evaluate the effect of enam
el tissue thickness of the upper premolar
crown on the accuracy of dental pulp oxygen saturation readings.
The results of this study indicate that there is a considerable effect of the dental tissue
thickness on the dental pulp oxygenation measurement. So; it is of important to find the suitable
adjustments on the PO apparatus, probe, or programs, in order to gain less effect of the anatomical
variances between teeth, and thus increasing pulse oximetry measurement accuracy.
