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Developing Control Systems for Central Air- Conditioning Systems

تطوير عمل أنظمة التحكم بأنظمة التكييف المركزية

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 Publication date 2014
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Mhd Mouffak AlKhateeb




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The building sector is considered one of the leading sectors in energy-consumption. In addition to lighting, heating and cooling systems have become important consumers in all buildings (both residential, administrative, and service both private and public) ensuring a comfortable environment for staff and workers and improving productivity at the lowest possible cost. This research aims to study the control quantities of fresh and exhausted air in large halls and auditoriums, where the occupancy level changes. This is done by adjusting the amount of fresh and exhausted air according to the occupancy via CO2 sensors, which measure the ratio of CO2 in the targeted places, controlling the volume of fresh and exhausted air according to the number of available people. A case study was done to use control systems; final results and conclusions have been illustrated.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تتناول هذه الدراسة البحثية تطوير أنظمة التحكم في أنظمة التكييف المركزي، حيث يُعتبر قطاع المباني من أبرز القطاعات المستهلكة للطاقة. يهدف البحث إلى دراسة التحكم بكميات الهواء الجديد والمطرود في القاعات التدريسية والصالات الكبيرة ذات العدد المتغير من الأشخاص، وذلك من خلال ضبط كميات الهواء وفقاً لإشغالية المكان باستخدام حساسات تقيس نسبة ثاني أكسيد الكربون. تم إجراء دراسة تطبيقية واقتصادية لاستخدام هذه الأنظمة، حيث أظهرت النتائج توفيراً ملحوظاً في استهلاك الطاقة الكهربائية وتحسيناً في كفاءة عمل أنظمة التكييف. يُوصى بتطبيق هذه الأنظمة في الأماكن التي تكون نسبة إشغالها غير منتظمة لتحقيق أكبر قدر من التوفير في الطاقة.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تُعتبر هذه الدراسة خطوة هامة نحو تحسين كفاءة استهلاك الطاقة في أنظمة التكييف المركزي، إلا أن هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن تحسينها. على سبيل المثال، لم تتناول الدراسة بشكل كافٍ تأثير العوامل البيئية الخارجية مثل درجة الحرارة والرطوبة على كفاءة النظام. كما أن الاعتماد الكامل على حساسات ثاني أكسيد الكربون قد يكون غير كافٍ في بعض الحالات التي تتطلب تحكمًا أكثر تعقيدًا. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، يمكن تحسين الدراسة من خلال تضمين تحليل مفصل لتكاليف الصيانة والتشغيل على المدى الطويل.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هو الهدف الرئيسي من البحث؟

    الهدف الرئيسي هو دراسة التحكم بكميات الهواء الجديد والمطرود في القاعات التدريسية والصالات الكبيرة ذات العدد المتغير من الأشخاص باستخدام حساسات ثاني أكسيد الكربون.

  2. ما هي الفوائد الاقتصادية لتطبيق نظام التحكم المقترح؟

    الفوائد الاقتصادية تشمل توفير ملحوظ في استهلاك الطاقة الكهربائية، حيث يصل التوفير إلى نحو 40% من الطاقة المصروفة على تكييف الهواء الجديد، مع إمكانية استرداد رأس المال بعد أقل من ثلاث سنوات.

  3. ما هي التوصيات النهائية للدراسة؟

    توصي الدراسة بتطبيق نظام التحكم في الأماكن التي تكون نسبة إشغالها غير منتظمة لتحقيق أكبر قدر من التوفير في الطاقة، مع إمكانية المراقبة والتحكم المركزي لتحسين كفاءة التشغيل.

  4. ما هي العوامل التي لم تتناولها الدراسة بشكل كافٍ؟

    لم تتناول الدراسة بشكل كافٍ تأثير العوامل البيئية الخارجية مثل درجة الحرارة والرطوبة على كفاءة النظام، كما لم تتضمن تحليلًا مفصلًا لتكاليف الصيانة والتشغيل على المدى الطويل.


References used
SCNEIDER ELECTRIC Cahier technique no. 206, Energy savings in buildings, collection technique, 2003.
Simon Heberger and others, New IAQ sensor for demand controlled ventilation, the REHVA European HVAC journal , volume 49, Aug 2012
James R. Sand, Demand-Controlled Ventilation Using CO2 Sensors, Publicans of U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, 2004.
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2007 ( America Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Condition Engineers).
(NYCECC)”New York City Energy Conservation Code”2011.
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