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Controlling the Flow of Conditioning Liquid and Return air to Reduce the Electrical Energy Consumption of HVAC Systems

التحكم بتدفق سائل التكييف و الهواء الراجع لخفض استهلاك أنظمة التكييف المركزية من الطاقة الكهربائية

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 Publication date 2013
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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The re-use of return air in central conditioning systems is one of the most important procedures for saving power consumption. However, the requested fresh air of the people existed within the conditioning space imposes determining the number of times to be used. This research aims to link the work of the central conditioning system (heating) of a facility with the number of people existing within this facility by modifying the ratio of mixed fresh air and return air to save the electrical power consumption. Also, to raise the temperature of the mixture air by controlling the flow of hot water continuously rather than using on-off technique. As well as, to respond to any change in the number of people and get rid of repeated machine starting. Our research has been done by using specialized physical model consisted of test room, heat and movement sensors, pump, water tank, heat exchanger and air mixing blades. These devices are controlled by microcontroller type PIC16F877A. The experimentally obtained results showed the ability of controlling the amount of return air depending on the number of people and controlling the speed of the pump continuously providing a saving of electrical energy consumption up to 68% compared with the case of full speed.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تتناول هذه الدراسة التحكم في تدفق سائل التكييف والهواء الراجع في أنظمة التكييف المركزية بهدف خفض استهلاك الطاقة الكهربائية. يركز البحث على ربط عمل نظام التكييف بعدد الأشخاص الموجودين في الحيز المكيف، وذلك من خلال تعديل نسبة مزج الهواء الراجع والهواء الخارجي. تم استخدام نموذج فيزيائي يتألف من غرفة اختبار، حساسات حرارة وحركة، مضخة، خزان ماء، مبادل حراري، وشفرات خلط الهواء، ويتم التحكم بهذه الأجهزة بواسطة متحكم PIC16F877A. أظهرت النتائج إمكانية التحكم بكمية الهواء الراجع وسرعة المضخة بشكل مستمر، مما أدى إلى توفير يصل إلى 68% من استهلاك الطاقة الكهربائية مقارنة بحالة العمل عند السرعة الكاملة. يوصي البحث باستخدام هذا الحل في أنظمة التكييف المركزية لتحسين الأداء وتوفير الطاقة.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تعتبر هذه الدراسة خطوة مهمة نحو تحسين كفاءة استهلاك الطاقة في أنظمة التكييف المركزية. ومع ذلك، يمكن الإشارة إلى بعض النقاط التي قد تحتاج إلى تحسين. أولاً، النموذج الفيزيائي المستخدم قد لا يعكس بدقة الظروف الواقعية في المنشآت الكبيرة والمتعددة المناطق، مما يستدعي إجراء تجارب إضافية في بيئات أكثر تعقيدًا. ثانياً، التركيز على التحكم في تدفق الهواء وسرعة المضخة قد يكون غير كافٍ لتحقيق توفير شامل في استهلاك الطاقة، حيث يمكن النظر في تحسينات إضافية مثل استخدام تقنيات العزل الحراري وتحسين كفاءة المبادل الحراري. أخيراً، الدراسة لم تتناول بشكل كافٍ تأثيرات جودة الهواء الداخلي على صحة وراحة الأشخاص، وهو جانب مهم يجب مراعاته عند تعديل نسب مزج الهواء الراجع والهواء الخارجي.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هو الهدف الرئيسي من البحث؟

    الهدف الرئيسي هو ربط عمل نظام التكييف بعدد الأشخاص الموجودين في الحيز المكيف لتعديل نسبة مزج الهواء الراجع والهواء الخارجي، بهدف ترشيد استهلاك الطاقة الكهربائية.

  2. ما هي الأجهزة المستخدمة في النموذج الفيزيائي للتحكم في نظام التكييف؟

    الأجهزة المستخدمة تشمل غرفة اختبار، حساسات حرارة وحركة، مضخة، خزان ماء، مبادل حراري، وشفرات خلط الهواء، ويتم التحكم بها بواسطة متحكم PIC16F877A.

  3. ما هي نسبة التوفير في استهلاك الطاقة الكهربائية التي حققها النظام المقترح؟

    النظام المقترح حقق توفيرًا يصل إلى 68% في استهلاك الطاقة الكهربائية مقارنة بحالة العمل عند السرعة الكاملة.

  4. ما هي التوصيات التي قدمها البحث لتحسين أنظمة التكييف المركزية؟

    التوصيات تشمل استخدام الحل المقترح في أنظمة التكييف المركزية لتحسين الأداء وتوفير الطاقة، ومتابعة البحث في منشآت متعددة المناطق، وأخذ درجة حرارة الماء الداخل إلى المبادل كمدخل غير ثابت للنظام.


References used
RESTREPO, A.; GONZÁLEZ, A.; ORDUZ, S. Cost effective control strategy for small applications and pilot plants: on–off valves with temporized PID controller. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2002, pp.101–107
Riederer, P. From sizing and hydraulic balancing to control using the simbad toolbox. Eighth International IBPSA Conference, 2003, pp.1101-1108
ZAHEER, M.; TUDOROIU, N.; Neuron-PID tracking control of a discharge air temperature system. Science Direct, Canada, 2004, pp.2405-2415
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