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Accounting Bases to Determine Zakat and Income Tax Bowl According to Syrian Tax Legislation Comparative Study

الأسس المحاسبية لتحديد وعاء الزكاة و الضريبة على الدخل وفقاً للتشريع الضريبي السوري دراسة مقارنة

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 Publication date 2016
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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This research aims to explain accounting bases to determine Zakat and income tax bowl, according to Syrian Tax System, following the descriptive analytical method. The results showed that there is partial compatibility in accounting bases for determining Zakat and income tax seat, and there is difference in accounting bases of definition the amount which acceptable to rebate, according to Syrian tax legislation.

References used
حسين، أحمد حسين علي، 2006 - محاسبة الزكاة. منشورات المكتب الجامعي الحديث، الإسكندرية، مصر، 400 صفحة.
العربيد، نضال؛ حمادة، رشا؛ مرعي، عبد الرحمن، 2014 - محاسبة الشركات. الطبعة الأولى، منشورات جامعة دمشق، كلية الاقتصاد، 517 صفحة.
عفانة، حسام الدين بن موسى، 2007 - يسألونك عن الزكاة. الطبعة الأولى، منشورات لجنة زكاة القدس، أبو ديس، بيت المقدس، فمسطين، 203 صفحة.

Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تتناول هذه الدراسة الأسس المحاسبية لتحديد وعاء الزكاة والضريبة على الدخل وفقاً للتشريع الضريبي السوري. يعتبر موضوع الضرائب على الدخل من أهم الإيرادات العامة في الدول الحديثة، بينما تعد الزكاة تشريعاً إلهياً مفروضاً على كل مسلم. تهدف الدراسة إلى بيان مدى التوافق بين الأسس المحاسبية المتعلقة بتحديد وعاء الزكاة والضريبة على الدخل، وتحديد المبالغ المسموح بتنزيلها وفقاً للتشريع الضريبي السوري. تم اتباع المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وبيّنت النتائج توافقاً جزئياً في الأسس المحاسبية المتعلقة بتحديد مطرح الزكاة والضريبة على الدخل، واختلافاً في الأسس المحاسبية المتعلقة بتحديد المبالغ المسموح بتنزيلها. أوصى الباحثان بإعداد معيار محاسبي للزكاة من قبل جمعية المحاسبين القانونيين في سورية، وإعداد أدلة الزكاة من قبل وزارة الأوقاف.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تُعد هذه الدراسة من الدراسات المهمة التي تسلط الضوء على موضوع حساس ومهم في الاقتصاد الإسلامي والضريبي. ومع ذلك، يمكن الإشارة إلى بعض النقاط التي قد تعزز من قوة البحث. أولاً، كان من الممكن توسيع نطاق الدراسة لتشمل مقارنة مع تشريعات ضريبية وزكوية في دول أخرى لتقديم رؤية أوسع. ثانياً، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى كيفية تطبيق التوصيات المقترحة على أرض الواقع، مما يترك بعض التساؤلات حول جدوى التنفيذ. وأخيراً، كان من الممكن تعزيز الدراسة بمزيد من البيانات الإحصائية والأمثلة العملية لتوضيح الفروقات والتوافقات بشكل أكثر دقة ووضوح.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هو الهدف الرئيسي من الدراسة؟

    الهدف الرئيسي من الدراسة هو بيان مدى التوافق بين الأسس المحاسبية المتعلقة بتحديد وعاء الزكاة والضريبة على الدخل وفقاً للتشريع الضريبي السوري، وتحديد المبالغ المسموح بتنزيلها.

  2. ما هي المنهجية التي اتبعها الباحثان في هذه الدراسة؟

    اتبع الباحثان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في هذه الدراسة، حيث تم الرجوع إلى الأدبيات المتعلقة بالمحاسبة الضريبية ومحاسبة الزكاة، والقرارات الصادرة عن مجمع الفقه الإسلامي، وقانون ضريبة الدخل السوري.

  3. ما هي التوصيات التي قدمها الباحثان بناءً على نتائج الدراسة؟

    أوصى الباحثان بقيام جمعية المحاسبين القانونيين في سورية بإعداد معيار محاسبي للزكاة، وأن تعد وزارة الأوقاف أدلة الزكاة، بالإضافة إلى الاهتمام بالجانب الإعلامي وعقد المؤتمرات والندوات لزيادة وعي المكلفين بأهمية دفع الزكاة.

  4. ما هي الفروقات الرئيسية بين الأسس المحاسبية لتحديد وعاء الزكاة والضريبة على الدخل وفقاً للتشريع الضريبي السوري؟

    بيّنت الدراسة أن هناك توافقاً جزئياً في الأسس المحاسبية المتعلقة بتحديد مطرح الزكاة والضريبة على الدخل، واختلافاً في الأسس المحاسبية المتعلقة بتحديد المبالغ المسموح بتنزيلها، حيث تختلف تطبيقات مبدأ مقابلة الإيرادات بالنفقات، ومبدأ الحيطة والحذر، ومبدأ المقدرة التكليفية بين الزكاة والضريبة.

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