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Register a new userEgyptian social groups in AL Mamluk age (648 AH_1250 AD / 923 AH_1517 AD)
فئات المجتمع المصري في العصر المملوكي (648 ه _ 1250 م/ 923 ه_ 1517 م)
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قامت دولة المماليك في مصر على أثر زوال دولة بني أيوب، و شهدت مصر خلال فترة حكم المماليك وفود عناصر مختلفة الأعراق و الأجناس، الأمر الذي أدى إلى ظهور تكوين اجتماعي مختلف. و يهدف هذا البحث إلى تبيان حقيقة هذا المجتمع، و الفئات التي ضمها، و اظهار دورها في مختلف نواحي الحياة السياسية و الاقتصادية و الاجتماعية، و تأثيرها و تأثرها ببعضها من خلال كتابات بعض المؤرخين.
The "Mamalik" Estate has been a raised after the vanishing of the estate of "Bani Ayobe", Egypt in the "Mamalik" era has witnessed the coming of many different rates, and nationalities, which lead to a new social formula. This research, aims to illustrate the reality of this social formula and the groups it contained and to show the rule of each group in every side 0f political, economical and social life, and the exchanged influence with each other, throughout the writings some historians.
References used
حسين، حمدي عبد المنعم: (دراسات في تاريخ الأيوبيين و المماليك)، دار المعرفة الجامعية، مصر، 2000 م.
القلماوي، سهير: (ألف ليلة و ليلة)، القاهرة، 1943 م.
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After the Arabs succeeded in extending their influence under the Islamic Arab state, as manifested by the Rightly Guided Caliphs, the Umayyads and the Abbasids, the authority began to leave their hands in the second Abbasid era, following the arrival of weak caliphs to power.
Abdullah Ibn Ali is one of the most important figures who took
part in the proclamation of the Abbasid Caliphate and its
domination over all the surrounding areas, since he had
outstanding political and military manipulation which enabled him
to
quell several rebellions, for his reputation preceded his entry
into the rebelling areas and extinguished these revolts that feared
his severe vengeance.
In spite of all of these, emerged like the others, as a rebel
against the Abbasid authority which he defended, represented by
Caliph Al-Mansour, Abdullah ignited the Euphrates peninsula
district with revolts, but he was eventually murdered in a salt
house after given amnesty. Therefore, why did he have this
destiny and this end?
One of the gravest problems that the political system in the
Mamluki period experienced was the that related to power where
there was not a well-set principle for being in power. For example,
power and reign were a thorny fluctuating subject which
gets
finally settled in behalf of the most powerful Mamluki person. The
case concerning the accidence to (inheriting) the throne in the
Mamluki age was a temporary issue - despite the fact that it was
often in the hands of the Qlawoon Family – that brings to the
throne a powerful sultan who lays his hands on the throne and
becomes the declared sultan. This, consequently, used to lead to
an overheated struggle between Mamluki princes.
Throughout the ages, Egypt had the honour of being the
country where the Kiswa (the embroidered black cloth covering the
Kaaba) had been manufactured. The Kiswa had been made in Egypt
– renowned for manufacturing such a textile - from the Pre-Isla
mic
Age down to the Islamic Age and throughout the successive Arabic
and Islamic historical stages. The Kiswa was looked at as a
political, military, and civilizational emblem for it was an emblem
of sovereignty in both the Arab and Islamic Worlds. The Mamluki
sultans had endeavored to achieve such a status since the very
beginning of their being in power and the rulers of Egypt. The
Mamluki sultans had maintained the hounor of having this dignified
religious emblem and they were involved in conflicts with other
powers just to maintain their patronage of this holy emblem which
denotes political, military, and cultural sovereignty.
Slavery was found in many parts of the world, and was practiced by nations and civilizations throughout history, and it was on various patterns and was practiced in different forms and formed fixed values in certain periods of human history and was s
tipulated by laws and others referred to it in writing or tradition, as its concept developed and methods of dealing with it differed. However, in all ages, it remained in reality, representing the injustice of man to his fellow man.
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