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Register a new userThe Influence of Iqbal’s oriental culture on his humanitarian tendency (Jalal Eddin Al Rumi - Sufi beliefs - readings in poetry and literature)
أثر ثقافة إقبال الشرقية في نزعته الإنسانية (جلال الدين الرومي الفكر الصوفي قراءاته في الشعر و الأدب)
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يحاول هذا البحث أن يقدم صورة واضحة عن مدى تأثير الثقافة الشرقية التي يمتلكها الشاعر الهندي محمد إقبال ( 1877 - 1938 ) في أدبه ذي النزعة الإنسانية، و ذلك برصد هذا التأثير على محاور عدة. ثم ينتهي البحث إلى خاتمته و نتائجه التي تبيِّن مدى حضور ثقافة إقبال الشرقية في قضاياه الأدبية، و مدى قدرة إقبال الفكرية و الأدبية على الإفادة من مجالات ثقافته الشرقية، و مدى توفيقه في استلهامها و توظيفها بهدف إغناء معانيه الإنسانية.
This research tries to present a clear image of the influence of Mohammad Iqbal’s oriental culture (Indian poet 1877- 1928) on his humane literature by showing this influence in many axis. The research arrives at the conclusion and results which show the extent of the presence of Iqbal’s oriental culture in his literary issues, and the extent of Iqbal’s mental and literary ability to benefit from his oriental culture, and his success in reconsidering and redirecting his ideas to enrich his humane beliefs.
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Research summary
يحاول هذا البحث أن يقدم صورة واضحة عن مدى تأثير الثقافة الشرقية التي يمتلكها الشاعر الهندي محمد إقبال (1877–1938م) في أدبه ذي النزعة الإنسانية. يتناول البحث ثلاثة محاور رئيسية: المحور الأول يرصد تأثير جلال الدين الرومي وأفكاره الإنسانية في أدب إقبال، حيث يظهر التأثير العميق للرومي كمرشد وأستاذ لإقبال. المحور الثاني يتناول تأثير الفكر الصوفي، وخاصة وحدة الوجود، حيث يعارض إقبال هذا الفكر الذي يدعو إلى الفناء والخمول، ويؤكد على النشاط والعمل وتقوية الذات. المحور الثالث يرصد تأثير النتاجات الشعرية والأدبية التي قرأها إقبال في أفكاره ومعانيه، ومدى نجاحه في إعادة توجيهها وتوظيفها بما يتلاءم مع رسالته الإنسانية. ينتهي البحث إلى أن ثقافة إقبال الشرقية كانت حاضرة بقوة في قضاياه الأدبية، وأنه استطاع بمهارة توظيفها لإغناء معانيه الإنسانية.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: على الرغم من الجهد الكبير المبذول في هذا البحث لتوضيح تأثير الثقافة الشرقية على أدب محمد إقبال، إلا أن هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن تحسينها. أولاً، كان من الممكن أن يتناول البحث بشكل أعمق تأثيرات أخرى غير جلال الدين الرومي والفكر الصوفي، مثل تأثير الفلسفات الشرقية الأخرى. ثانياً، كان من الممكن تقديم أمثلة أكثر تفصيلاً من أعمال إقبال الأدبية لتوضيح كيفية تأثير هذه الثقافات عليه. ثالثاً، كان من الممكن أن يتناول البحث تأثير الثقافة الغربية على إقبال بشكل أكبر، خاصة وأنه عاش فترة في الغرب وتأثر بفلسفاته. بشكل عام، البحث جيد ويقدم معلومات قيمة، ولكنه كان يمكن أن يكون أكثر شمولية وتفصيلاً.
Questions related to the research
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ما هو التأثير الرئيسي لجلال الدين الرومي على محمد إقبال؟
جلال الدين الرومي كان مرشداً وأستاذاً لمحمد إقبال، وقد تأثر إقبال بأفكاره الإنسانية العميقة ورموزه ومعانيه.
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كيف تعامل محمد إقبال مع الفكر الصوفي ووحدة الوجود؟
إقبال اتخذ موقفاً معارضاً وناقداً للفكر الصوفي ووحدة الوجود، حيث دعا إلى النشاط والعمل وتقوية الذات بدلاً من الفناء والخمول.
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ما هي المحاور الثلاثة التي تناولها البحث لرصد تأثير الثقافة الشرقية على إقبال؟
المحاور الثلاثة هي: تأثير جلال الدين الرومي، تأثير الفكر الصوفي وخاصة وحدة الوجود، وتأثير النتاجات الشعرية والأدبية التي قرأها إقبال.
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ما هي النتائج التي توصل إليها البحث بخصوص تأثير الثقافة الشرقية على أدب إقبال؟
البحث توصل إلى أن ثقافة إقبال الشرقية كانت حاضرة بقوة في قضاياه الأدبية، وأنه استطاع بمهارة توظيفها لإغناء معانيه الإنسانية.
References used
أدب الأوردو، د. ج ماثيوز و آخرون، تر: محمد جمول، وزارة الثقافة، دمشق، د. ط، 1991
أسد الله غالب، محمد سعيد الطريحي، دائرة المعارف الهندية، هولندا، ط 1, 2005م.
دراسات في المذاهب الأدبية والاجتماعية، عباس العقاد، المكتبة العصرية، بيروت، د. ت.
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