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Register a new userVulnerability Assessment of Water Resources to Environmental Change in Orontes Basin
تقييم حساسية الموارد المائية للتغيرات البيئية في حوض العاصي
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تم في هذا البحث تقييم حساسية موارد المياه العذبة في حوض العاصي، في الجزء الواقع ضمن الأراضي السورية، و هي المناطق الواقعة ضمن محافظات حمص و حماه و ادلب. من أجل فهم أفضل للوضع الحالي للمياه في ظل الظروف السائدة، و تحديد أهم العوامل التي تؤثر على قابلية هذه الموارد للتأثر بالتغيرات البيئية. تساهم هذه الدراسة بتزويد صانعي القرار بخيارات لتقييم و تعديل السياسات القائمة، و تنفيذ تدابير لتحسين إدارة الموارد المائية.
Vulnerability assessment of freshwater resources in the Orontes basin was estimated in the provinces of Homs, Hama and Idlib to better understand the current situation of water under the prevailing conditions and to identify the most prominent factors that influence water susceptibility to environmental changes. This study helps decision-makers in evaluating and modify existing policies and implementing suitable measures to improve water resource management.
References used
PETER H. GLEICK;2014- Water, Drought, Climate Change, and Conflict in Syria, Pacific Institute, Oakland, California,/331-340/p.s
UNEP; ACSAD; AGU; CEDARE;2012- Vulnerability Assessment of Freshwater Resources to Climate Change: Implications for Shared Water Resources in the West Asia Region, United Nations Environment Programme,/1160/p.s
UNEP; Peking University; Asian Institute of Technology; Mongolian Water Authority ;2009-Vulnerability Assessment of Freshwater Resources to Environmental Change, METHODOLOGIES GUIDELINES, United Nations Environment Programme,/28/p.s
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This paper focuses on climate change in Nineveh based on climatological data records in
this governorate. The general trend of the temperature appeared to surpass its average mean.
The severe hot days also increased in summer, the precipitation in
general deceased practically
in the last two decades, irregular and delayed distribution of the rain, as well as drought cycles
did occur.
This research aims to shed a light on the distinctive economic characteristics of water
resources and to identify the reasons that led to increasing interest in studying these
resources and their economics.
depending on descriptive analytical meth
od through characterization of what is and
analyze it, The researcher is addressing the policies necessary to be followed for a
successful allocation of water balances within the time periods, and define whether the
water resources are to be considered as an economical good and whether they are subjected
to market mechanisms, i.e. demand and supply.
the research results pointed out to the fact that the water resource is a strategic vital
resource and an economic good has a special nature which make it not subject to market
mechanisms.
this study is providing a number of proposals that emphasize the need to focus on the
economics of water resources to attain the efficiency of resource exploitation, which, on
the one hand, leads to achieving sustainability of this valuable resource, and on the other
hand fulfill maintain the economic development.
اقتصاديات الحجم
الموارد المائية المتجددة
النّدرة النّسبية للموارد المائية
النّضوب الاقتصادي
الاحتكار الطّبيعي
الطّلب على المياه
مرونة الطّلب السّعرية للماء
Renewable water resources
The relative scarcity of water resources
Economic depletion
Natural monopoly
Economies of scale
The demand for water
Price elasticity of demand for water
المزيد..
The study shows the factors affecting rain precipitation, general
rate and annual, monthly and daily changes by calculating the
standard deviation and the annual fluctuation. The standard
deviation from the general average shows large values in th
e
stations located in the north of the study area. Stations in the
center and south, because of the nature of the dry climate, as well
as that the increase in the number of rainy days does not
necessarily mean an increase in the amount of precipitation, and a
difference in the amount of rainfall from one station to another
because of the difference in climatic factors affecting them .
The samples of Crustaceans (Malacostraca) were collected in the fresh water, from
different regions of Al-Assi valley (the river, Katenah lake, the reservoirs such as Al-
Zaafaranh, Al-Sindianh and from Al-teen spring), between August 2010 and Augu
st 2011.
The samples were preserved in alcohol (70 %). After accurate inspection of the collected
samples, there were 4 species classified, two species of freshwater belonging to true crabs
were recognized by depending on the masculine organs as following: Potamon potamois
and Potamon setiger from the Potamidae family, one species of shrimps Atyaephyrra
dessmarestii-orintalis from Atyidae family, and only one species of amphipods which was
Grammars lacustris of Gammaridae family.
All examined species were described morphologically, explaining the most important
classified features that distinguish these species presented with clarifying paintings and
with the pictures for these features.
The importance of this study lies in the hydrological analysis of the
relationship between the drainage system and the precipitation. The
problem of the study reveals in the water incompetence in the basin
which get to 336 million m3 and will gets
to 600 million m3 with
probability (p = 50%) and associated with missing the accurate evaluation
of the water resources.
The study aims to evaluate the water resources in the basin, to create a
mathematical model for calculation of the run off and its relationship with
the precipitation, and to predict the water resources for the hydrological
year according to many probabilities and the complementary
management for water resources.
Stages of the study involve the following:
1- Determining of the active stations in the feeding of hydrometric
stations.
2- Observing the average of water resources quantity (precipitation) over
the basin that reached 9764 million m3 and range between 2,26millionm3 in the hydrometric station of AL- Hamidi and 112,42
million m3 in Hama station.
3- Observing the average of the run off in the basin reached 744,67542
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4- Observing the run off system in the basin is a snow-rain system, where
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minor discharge associates with deprivation of the precipitation.
5- Creating a mathematical model for calculation of the run off and its
relationship with the precipitation.
6- Predicting the water resources for the hydrological year according to
many probabilities.
7- Creating a water strategy for the basin according to the data of water
predication in many probabilities
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