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Utilization the Fuel cells and PV panels to supply electrical loads (communications)

الاستفادة من الخلايا الهيدروجينية و الألواح الكهروضوئية في تغذية الأحمال الكهربائية (الاتصالات)

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 Publication date 2017
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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The paper presents a research hybrid systems (hydrogen-photovoltaic) for a mobile phone station in an area far from the network or can be mobile in a desert area. This study investigates and design a renewable energy-based energy system for a mobile phone station. The proposed energy system includes of the following main components: photovoltaic panels, fuel cells, water analyzer and batteries, as well as a diesel generator.

References used
Chan Park, Felix Bigler, Petr Korba. "Power-To-Gas Concept for Integration of Increased Photovoltaic Generation into the Distribution". Energy Procedia 99 (2016) 411 – 417
M. A. Anconaa, G. Antonionia," Renewable energy storage system based on a Power-to-Gas conversion process" Energy Procedia 101 (2016) 854 – 861
M. Becherifa, H. S. Ramadan. "Hydrogen Energy Storage: New Techno-Economic Emergence Solution Analysis" Energy Procedia 74 (2015) 371 – 380
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In this Thesis, we have studied, designed and implemented an energy and economic efficient smart plug system and achieves high rates of performance. At the beginning, a comprehensive reference studying the Smart Plug devices. The Smart Plug device was studied, designed and implemented using, which Turn-Off electrical loads in Standby mode to minimize power consumption. The status of all devices connected to the smart plug is shown on the computer display using smart monitor application. The design and implementation of Smart Plug system has saved 1.3% of the total energy consumed in the home per month while achieving economic feasibility and improving the cost of the economic return of the total consumers about 0.7% through the use of the smart plug that has been implemented.
This paper introduces an integrated study concerning the technical and economical sides for supplying the electrical loads of a rural isolated society or small isolated village represented in Almazraa village relevant to Nawa Town located at the nort h western of Daraa Governorate at a distance of about 30[Km]. The followed methodology of this study aims at the comparison between two states required electrical loads according to special scenario of each state, the first scenario represents the feeding of special loads of a daily lifetime activity performed by the inhabitants of this village representing a case of typical rural society, and the second scenario adding the loads of irrigation of surrounding agricultural lands to the first scenario. For supplying the required loads then making a comparison between two choices, the first choice is the usage of solar cells as a renewable energy source, while the second choice is the usage of diesel generation units as a traditional energy source. This paper included the preparation of the mathematical model of previous system then to determine the volume of this system for each of the two cases of loads and the previous two choices of energy sources. The preparation of computer programs of previous study because of the easiness of projecting them two similar cases. The research also included an economical study of the previous cases then coming through them into the computation of fixed cost or construction cost, running cost and the annual cost and then estimating the production cost of Kilo Watt-hour and to identify the more economically feasible of choice. Then to complete this study by focusing on the volume mass of contamination wastes caused by the daily work of diesel units and presentation of the economical importance for the usage of solar cells especially in the isolated areas and in the rural and agricultural societies as economical choice and without an environmental damaging wastes.
This research aims to study the effect of the tilt angle of PV panels on the daily discharge a water pump powered by solar energy, and to determine the optimal tilt of these panels during summer months in the Syrian coast. The results demonstrated t hat the change of the tilt angle of PV panels from (25˚) to (35.5˚), has no effect on the curve of the solar radiation intensity and flow rate. However the resulting impact was represented by low amount of solar energy falling onto PV panels, resulting in a reduction in hydraulic energy of the pump and consequently low flow rate per day. The study showed that the amount of water flow rate at the two angels (25˚ and 22˚) for the tilt of panels was close, with preference for the angle (22˚). Reduction of water amount from one month to another during the months (June, July, August) didn't exceed (2.5%), while it was (7.5%) in September. At angle (35.5˚), water amount was approximately constant during June, July and August, while it decreased by (6%) in September. Flowing water largely decreased at angle (35.5˚) in comparison with the two angles (25˚and 22˚), so the reduction was (13, 12, 9 and 7.5%), respectively in June, July, August and September.
The electrical performance of the PV modules can be severely affected by operating temperature of silicon cells due to properties of the crystalline silicon used; the energy generated from these cells decreases with their high temperatures. To reduce this decline in energy, the PV modules use cooling water by placing a tube containing many regular holes on the top end of the module, and water flows on the surface freely in several flows. So, with flow rate (4.224 l/min.m2), module temperature decreases up to (20C°); the record of increased value of electrical yield over the whole day is about (12.8%). and efficiency rises (from 8.31% to 9.62%) of (1.31%). With Flow rate (3.167 l/min.m2), temperature of module decreases up to (18C°); the record of increased value of electrical yield is about (9.8%), and efficiency rises by (1.03%). But with flow rate (2.112 l/min.m2), temperature of module decreases up to (15.5C°); the record of increased value of electrical yield is about (7.8%), and efficiency rises by (0.83%). Furthermore, flow of water on the surface of PV module reduces the reflection losses because the refractive index of water with (1.3) is intermediate between air (1) and glass (1.5). In addition, the surface of module remains clean.
The present paper provides a mathematical dynamic modelling and analysis of a newly developed electrical power supply system for petrol cars. The main goal of this research work is to improve the economic operation of the car’s electric power supply aiming at fuel economy improvement and for less gases emission. The proposed scheme has been studied and investigated using MATLAB/SIMULINK(R) toolbox and C language. The dynamic behaviour of the proposed system has been analysed for two different driving cycles and the results showed a fuel economy improvement in the investigated two cases. It is shown that the proposed approach is very superior to the conventional one, which is widely used in most of public cars. However, it also shows very encouraging results in terms of fuel save and less gas emission. The main advantage of the method proposed is its applicability to any first or second hand low cost cars.
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