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Register a new userEffects of Maternal Exposure to γ-Rays on Eye Organogenesis in the Mouse Embryos
تأثيرات تعريض أمهات الفأر لأشعة غاما في التكون العضوي للعين في الجنين
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Authors
محمد عثمان( باحث )
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اعتمدت هذه الدراسة على تشعيع أمهات الفأر، بالجرعة ٤ غري من أشعة غاما (كوبالت ٦٠ صباح أحد أيام الحمل الآتية: ١٦ ،١٤ ،١٢ ،١٠ . و جرت التضحية بالأمهات بعد ٦ ،٤ ،٢ أيام من التشعيع، حيث عزلت الأجنة من الرحم، و أجريت على رؤوسها مقاطع متسلسلة، لتحري تأثير هذا التشعيع في مكونات العين المختلفة خلال فترات متعاقبة من تكونها العضوي. و قد حّقق التشعيع في شروطنا التجريبية صغر العيون، و نقصًا في نمو العدسة و الشبكية و لحمة القرنية، و اضطرابًا في تناميها، و تشوهًا في تكونها النسيجي. و تباينت هذه العيوب بشدتها تِبعًا لعمر الأجّنة عند التشعيع، و لعدد الأيام التي تلته.
This study involved the irradiation of mouse embryos at different stages of pregnancy, using dose of ٤ Gy γ-radiation, at ١٠, ١٢, ١٤ and ١٦ days of pregnancy. Pregnant mice were killed after ٢, ٤ and ٦ days post irradiation. Embryo’s heads were isolated and serial cross sections were made to investigate the effect of irradiation on the different components of the eye at different periods of eye organogenesis. It was proved from this study that irradiation causes microphtalmia and decrease in the growth of lens, retina and corneal stroma, as well severe disruption in its development and disfigurement in its hitogenesis. These defects have shown great differences in their severity according to the age of embryos at exposure and the number of days post irradiation.
References used
Balla I., Michel C. and Fritz-Niggli H. ١٩٨٣. Cellular damage and recovery of early developing mouse eye following low dose irradiation
Baskar R. and Devi P.U. ١٩٩٣. Effect of prenatal Gamma irradiation on the different gestation days on mouse
Bernhard E.J., Maity A., and Muschel R.J. ١٩٩٥. Effects of ionizing radiation on cell cycle progression. Radial Environ
rate research
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Mice embryos were irradiated in utero by gamma rays (٠،٢،٤،٦ Gy) at
١٠،١٢،١٤،١٦،١٨ days of gestation. Histological study was carried out on the
first premandibular molar after ٢،٤،٦،٨ days of irradiation, to investigate the
effect of irradiation on different stages of molar development.
Pregnant mothers were irradiated by a single dose of gamma rays
(٠،٢،٤،٦ Gy, Cobalt ٦٠) in the days ١٠،١٢،١٤،١٦،١٨ of pregnancy. The
heads of the embryos’, and those of the neonates were taken at
consecutive intervals of irradiation, starting from
١٦ days of pregnancy
till ٣rd day after delivery. The effect of irradiation was investigated in the
development of the ٢nd and ٣rd lower molars on serial tissue sections,
within consecutive periods of their organogenesis. Irradiation led to
growth-deficiency in the ٢nd & ٣rd molars, and caused delay in their
development. This was observed in various degrees depending on the
dose, time of irradiation, and time after irradiation.
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the most prevalent
clinical forms of leishmaniasis , also it is endemic disease in Syria. And in
spite of the great efforts to control the disease the annual incidence is still
increased. Furthermore, tourism
, migration, and prevalence of acquired
immunodeficiency (AIDS) all these factors increase the spread of this
disease to new areas around the world.
Recently, studies suggest that cytokines gene polymorphisms can contribute
to resistance or susceptibility to many diseases and one of these diseases is
CL .
Increasing intramuscular doses of Methotrexate (25 mg / kg, 50 mg / kg,
100 mg / kg, 150 mg/ kg, 200 mg / kg, 250 mg / kg, 300 mg / kg) were tested on
Swiss strain Mouse by intramuscular injection. The reproductive potency was
evaluated by total s
perm count and movement of the left testis and it's
epididymis (15) days after injection. The weights of the latter of all tested
animals were registered.
The result indicate that Methotrexate, a Folate antagonist, is a negative
factor for sperm production in a dose related manner. It was evident that the
high doses (ex. Dose 200 mg / kg) lead to oligospermia. It was concluded that
Methotrexate inhibits the reproductive potency during spermatogenesis and
causes cytotoxicity in high doses. Further investigations are needed.
Intramuscular injection of increasing doses of Methotrexate Folateantagoniste
(25, 50, 100, 150, 250, 300 mg/ kg) on Swiss strain males mice ,
resulted in decreasing Spermatogenesis at stage VII whereas higher doses had
lethal effects.
In fact do
ses of 25 and 50 mg per kg were tolerable by mice and the
cytotoxic tolerance level decreased at higher doses (100 and 150 mg/kg).
Acute cytotoxic effect was noted at doses of 200 mg/kg and resulted in
destruction of cell line.
Doses of 250 and 300 mg/kg had lethal effect and the mice died 1 week after
injection.
In conclusion Methotrexate had cytotoxic effects on sperm cell lines.
100mg/kg doses decreased spermatogenesis while 200 mg/kg doses caused
greater side effects and higher doses were lethal to the mice 1 week after
injection.
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