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Register a new userEffect of Ascorbic Acid Treatment During Egg Incubation on Pre-and Post-Hatching Development of Broiler Chickens
تأثير المعاملة بفيتامين ج خلال حضانة البيض في تطور صيصان إنتاج اللحم قبل الفقس و بعده
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عبد الحميد زكريا( باحث )
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أجريت تجربتان بهدف دراسة تأثير معاملة البيض خلال حضانته بفيتامين ج في تطور صيصان إنتاج اللحم لقطيع تجاري. التجربة الأولى: حقن البيض الحاوي على أجنة حية عند خمسة عشر يومُا من حضانة البيض بحجم مقداره ٠,١ مل من المحلول الفيزيولوجي فقط أو بالمحلول الفيزيولوجي مذاب فيه ٣ أو ١٢ مغ من فيتامين ج . سجل وزن الجسم لكل معاملة أسبوعيًا اعتبارًا من الأسبوع الأول و حتى الأسبوع السادس من عمر الطيور. التجربة الثانية : طُبقت المعاملات عند خمسة عشر يومًا من حضانة البيض و اشتملت إضافة إلى الشاهد على: ١- حقن البيض الحاوي على أجنة حية بمحلول فيزيولوجي مقداره ٠,١ مل حوى ٣ مغ من فيتامين ج ثم تبريده إلى ٢٢ درجة مئوية لمدة ٢٤ ساعة، ٢- تغطيس البيض الحاوي على أجنة حية بمحلول من فيتامين ج تركيزه ٪ ٣ لمدة ٣ دقائق ثم تبريده إلى ٢٢ درجة مئوية لمدة ٢٤ ساعة . و تضمنت المتغيرات المدروسة وزن الجنين عند اليوم التاسع عشر من حضانة البيض و معدل الفقس و وزن الصوص الفاقس الطبيعي غير المجنس.
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of ascorbic acid (AA) during egg incubation on development of broiler chickens of a commercial stock. In Experiment ١, eggs with living embryos were injected at ١٥ d of incubation with ٠٫١ ml of saline solution containing either ٣ or ١٢ mg of AA per egg and uninjected control. Body weights of each treatment were determined weekly from hatch to ٦ wk of age. In Experiment ٢, the treatments at ١٥ d of incubation were as follows: ١) eggs injected with ٣ mg of AA and then cooled at ٢٢° C for ٢٤ h; ٢) eggs dipped in ٣٪ solution of AA for ٣ min and then cooled at ٢٢° C for ٢٤ h; and ٣) control. Embryo weight at ١٩ d of incubation, hatchability and body weights of the hatched chicks were determined.
References used
(Brake, J. T. ١٩٩٠. Ascorbic acid in the nutrition of poultry, PP. ٥٠٧-٥١٠ in: Ascorbic Acid in Domestic Animals. (Edn. C. Wenk, R. Fenster, and L. Volker) (Schriftenreihe aus dem, Institut fur Nutztierwissenschaften Gruppe Ernahrung, Kartause Ittingen, Switzerland
Hornig, D., and M. Frigg. ١٩٧٩. Effect of age on biosynthesis of ascorbate in chicks. Arch. Geflugelk
Kratzer, F. H., H. J. Almquist, and P. Vohra. ١٩٩٦. Effect of diet on growth and plasma ascorbic acid in chicks. Poultry Sci
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Two experiments were carried out to determine the effect of flock
age on egg laying pattern, floor laying, egg weight, hatchability,
fertility and body weight at hatch. Eggs were collected from 32and
43 wk old Cobb 500 broiler flocks for 6 consecu
tive days hourly to
study egg laying pattern and floor laying (experiment 1). In
experiment 2, 2916 eggs from the flock at 32 ,43 and 49 wk old
were used to determine the effect of flock age on egg weight,
hatchability, fertility and body weight at hatch.
Three experiments were conducted using Cobb 500 broiler breeders to determine oviposition pattern and the effect of oviposition time of eggs representing different positions in the normal egg laying sequence on egg weight , fertility , hatchability , embryonic mortality and chicken weight at hatch.
Experiment was conducted on 160 fertilized egg sterile, distributed
in four groups of 40 eggs in each of them, eggs incubation in the
hatchery for 12 h, and then go out and inject eggs experimental
Groups (1-2-3) with a solution of tetracycline under the embryo disk.
The research was carried out on two classes of hatching eggs obtained
from broiler breeder flock ( shifer starbro- Hybird ) 39 and 59 wk of age .
In each class the hatching eggs were graded into three groups according
to their weights.
The hatchi
ng eggs of each group were divided into three replicates .
Eggs of all replicates were incubated in the same incubator . At hatching
(115) chicks were taken from each replicate and fed in separate pen until 7
weeks of age . All conditions of housing, rearing and feeding
( vegetable diets ) were same for all birds of all replications.
This study was conducted at the laboratories of Food Science Department at
the Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University in order to study the
possibility of prolonging the shelf life of chicken breast by vacuum packaging
and treating with aceti
c acid. Chicken breasts were immersed into a solution
having 1% or 2% of acetic acid concentration for 30 sec. and packaged with
vacuumed and not vacuumed sacs. Samples were preserved at 4±1 ºC for 21
days and examined after 0, 7, 14 and 21 days of refrigeration for
microbiological, chemical and sensory properties. Microbiological analyses
included determination of total count of bacteria, coliforms, Salmonella,
anaerobic bacteria, Pseudomonas, yeasts and molds. Chemical analyses
included determination of pH value and non-protein nitrogen. Sensory
properties were evaluated for color, smell and texture. Results revealed that
samples immersed into a solution with 1% and 2% of acetic acid concentration
had affectively improved quality and sensory properties of chicken breast for
more than 14 days compared with control samples and the samples treated by
2% of acetic acid with vacuum packaging had the best quality results.
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