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A Study of maxillary and mandibular alveolar widths in skeletal class II compared with skeletal class I in adults ) Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study )

دراسة عرض القوس السنخية العلوية و السفلية في الصنف الثاني الهيكلي بالمقارنة مع الصنف الأول الهيكلي عند البالغين (دراسة باستخدام التصوير الطبقي المحوري المخروطي)

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 Publication date 2016
  fields Dentistry
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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Class II malocclusion is a common clinical problem among white Caucasian population and its transverse component is a critical aspect of a functional and stable occlusion. The size and shape of the arches have considerable implications in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning, affecting the space available, dental esthetics, and stability of the dentition. Hence , it is important to study the alveolar arch width in this group of patients using the wide possibilities of cone beam computed tomography of evaluating real anatomy , true-to-scale images without distortions or superimpositions, and the selection of the desired sections.Objective:To evaluate the width of maxillary and mandibular alveolar arches in skelatal Class II adults compared to skeletal class I using cone beam computed tomography. Materials and methods: thirty-two subjects with skeletal Class II relationship and 10 subjects with skeletal Class I who were ordinary undergoing CBCT scan for non-orthodontics nor for otorihnolaryngology purpose were selected to measure the maxillary and mandibular alveolar width of first premolar and first molars.Independent samples’ t-test was calculated. Results:No statistically significant differences were found of alveolar widths between skeletal Class II and Class I subjects in both maxillary and mandibular widths of molar and premolar regions. Gender had no statistically significant effect in the results of the study. Conclusion :There is no differences in alveolar width between adults with skeletal Class II and Class I relationships, so the transverse discrepancy in skeletal Class II when exsists , it is more probably not originated from the alveolar base.

References used
AST, D; CARLOS, J; CONS, D. Prevalence and characteristics of malocclusion among senior high school students in up-state New York. Am J Orthod, 1965, 51:437–445
BURGERSDIJK, R; TRUIN, G; FRANKENMOLEN, F; KALSBEEK, H; MULDER, J. Malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need of 15-74-year-old Dutch adults. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 1991, 19:64–67
TANG, E. The prevalence of malocclusion amongst Hong Kong male dental students. Br J Orthod, 1994, 21:57–63
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The aim of the study was to evaluate The relation between morphology of lips and incisors and mandibular rotation in adult class Ι individuals and to explore the gender dimorphism for these measurments. Material and methods True lateral cephalometri c radiograph of the sample that comprises 32 females and 30 males aged 18-25 years and they possess class I skeletally and dentally. The data were analyzed using independent sample t test and Pearson correlation analysis. Results: In males interlabial angle negatively correlated with U1-NS and positively with U1-L1 Nasolabial angle and mentolabial angle positively correlated with (NS-GoMe, FH-GoMe, B, Bijork angles) Zangle and ULT/ULH negatively correlated with (NS-GoMe, FH-GoMe, B, Bijork angles) in Females lower lip inclination positively correlated with (NS-GoMe, FH-GoMe, B, Bijork angles).
Since early Orthodontics, one of the main concerns is to correct Skeletal Class II. For this Purpose they designed different functional appliances, and performed many cephalometric studies to evaluate treatment results for these appliances on dent ofacial complex. Our clinical experience, show the ability of treatment of preadolescents by advancement the mandible in skeletal class II correction with Sliding Plates. and for this purpose, lateral cephalometric study was performed to evaluate treatment results at dentofacial complex. 19 preadolescents ages 11-14 years with skeletal class II and mandibular retrognathism Sliding Plates consist of two separated removable parts, the upper one has midpalatal expansion and vertical wire, the lower is provided with anterior bite plane. The plates were used for 6-12 months. Lateral cephalograms were taken before treatment and immediately after treatment. The results after treatment were compared with the pretreatment measurements before treatment. After treatment, advancement of the mandible and the parts of TMJ has been observed. Thus, the use of sliding plates are useful to correct skeletal class II with mandibular retrognathism, especially in cases associated with narrow upper dental arch for children their ages do not permit the use of pre-functional preparation, and additionally, in cases that require functional rehabilitations.
The asymmetric face is common so that increased interest in it . there are different ways to assess the asymmetry. Computed tomography is an accurate way that enable the examiner for reading the face at three planes ,and present three-dimensional information on the cranial mandibular Complex whereas (3D) analysis is essential for making a precise diagnosis of craniofacial morphology . Aim : This research aims to study the asymmetric at the facial patterns malocclusion (class I. Class III) using CT .
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine palatal and maxillary arch width changes during MBT PEA with maxillary first premolars extraction treatment in patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion. Material and Methods: Dental casts of 24 Class II division 1 patients (8 males and 16 females) were evaluated. The minimum age of the subjects at the beginning of treatment was above 16 years with mean age 02.02± 2.82. All patients were treated with extraction of the maxillary first premolars and MBT PEA. Pre- and post-treatment maxillary and palatal (inter-canine and inter-molar) widths were measured using a digital calliper of 0.01 accuracy. Paired samples t-test was used to evaluate the treatment changes within total sample and within males group and females group. Differences between males and females were tested using independent samples t-test. Results: At the end of treatment, maxillary and palatal inter-canine widths increased significantly (P>0.001).The maxillary inter-molar width increased but the values were statistically insignificant (P<0.05). The palatal inter-molar width increased significantly (P>0.01). No significant differences were observed between males and females. Conclusions: Class II division 1 patients treated with extraction of maxillary first premolars had tendency for an increase in palatal and arch width during treatment except maxillary inter-molar width. It seems that a more thorough assessment and investigation including pretreatment arch shape and factors related to anchorage should be carried out.

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