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Register a new userHydrological Studies and Conceptual Modeling for Auage Watershed
دراسة هيدرولوجية و نموذج تصوري لحوض الأعوج
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عمار عدنان طه( باحث )
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يهدف البحث إلى إجراء دراسة و نمذجة ریاضية هيدرولوجية لسلوكية حوض الأعوج كونه أحد الحوضين الأساسيين في محافظة دمشق، و نظراً للحاجة الملحة للحصول على مصدر ردیف لتغذیة مدینة دمشق و ریفها بمياه الشرب كون المصادر المستخدمة حالياً لا تفي بالغرض لتأمين الاحتياجات المائية. و رغم الدراسات المتعلقة باستجرار جزء من مياه حوض الساحل السوري إلى دمشق لكن هذا الحل الباهظ التكاليف لا یصبح قابلاً للاستخدام قبل حلول العام 2010 أي ما یجعل دمشق بحالة عطش إلى حين الانتهاء من التنفيذ.
There is a need to search for new water resources to supply, with drinkable water, Damascus City and its rural suburbs. The aim of the paper is to carry out a hydrological study and to develop a simple model characterizing AUAGE watershed behavior. This watershed is one of the two important basins in the region of Damascus. All water resources, used presently, are not sufficient to insure the growing needs of drinkable water. Studies that aim to supply Damascus from the coastal basin indicate that this solution is very expensive and will not be operational before 2010, which means that Damascus will suffer from water shortage during the next few years.
References used
Beven K.J., and M.J. Kirkby, 1979. A physically base, variable contributing area model of basin hydrology, Hydrol. Sci. Bull., 24 (1) : 43-69
Chiew F.H.S., M.J. Stewardson, and T.A. McMahon, 1993. Comparison of six rainfall-runoff modelling approaches, J. of Hydrol., 147 : 1-36
JAICA, 1998. Japanese studies of Barada and Auage Basins, Minister of Irrigation, Damascus, Syria
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International river basins are characterized by their wide extent where mapping earth
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because the cost and efforts consumed to execute it become very high and may
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inferred by specialized scientific organizations using remote sensing.
There are several DEMs available on the internet and downloadable for free. The
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Euphrates-Tigris basin using Geographic information system techniques. The resulted
boundaries of Euphrates-Tigris basin were compared with three boundaries implemented
by international research organizations (UNEP, ESCWA, and FAO). As a conclusion of
this comparison, the SRTM—3arc DEM was the most efficient model among used models.
In addition, this study indicated the necessity to reevaluate Basin’s boundaries and correct
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Hydrological studies in Syria- in general- based on classical methods to derive catchment areas of road culverts or estimating the design storm for these catchments. Such operations have a significant degree of complexity, effort and time costing, up
to
implementing clear concept about streams crossing the road and deriving the catchments boundaries to estimate the designing storm discharge according to road classification and passing facility type preventing road inundation or demolition.
In this study the GIS technique was used to derive catchments for all outlets on this road and the morphological properties were estimated. The developed hydrological model for studied road allows designers to evaluate more accurate solutions in such engineering cases like determiningthe best locations for culverts on roads, estimating design storm and design discharge for those outlets and all other engineering characteristics “designing
parameters” such as longitudinal slope, span, area, number of openings. as it allows the development of various economic solutions in order to choose the best one from both
engineering and economic view points, according to road classification and storm probability.
تتجّلى مشكلة البحث في الهدر المائي في الحوض، و التعدي على شبكة مياه الشرب، و عدم توزيع المياه بشكل متساوٍ بين الريف و المدينة. و عدم الاستثمار الأمثل للموارد المائية في الحوض.
هدف البحث إلى تحديد معايير الجريان النهري و إدارتها في الحوض، و قد اعُتمِ
د على العديد من العلاقات الإحصائية و الرياضية ذات الصلة الوثيقة بالبحث.
The Alsafarqieh watershed is located on the western slopes of the coastal mountain range,
Its area is 132.58 km2, It forms a part of the Alros river basin, The river starts at a height of
1200 m, A group of tributaries meet and form the Alros River
, which flows into the
Mediterranean Sea. Salaheddin Dam was constructed to store 10 MCM on the riverbed at
the intersection of the Qurdaha River with the Shehada River. The study aims to determine
the rainfall- runoff relationship in The Alsafarqieh watershed. The solution depends on the
statistical analysis of precipitation and runoff data. Then the study found the mean annual
precipitation is 159.6 MCM/year, and the mean annual flow into the Salaheddin lake was
9.4 MCM during the study period (2010-2012), so the runoff coefficient is 0.06. This
indicates a significant water loss. A mathematical equation to predict the runoff quantities
depending on the values of precipitation, has been concluded. This is important to study
water projects for water storage and flood prevention.
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