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Register a new userGenetic Algorithm for Maximum Power Point Tracking in Photovoltaic Systems
استخدام الخوارزمية الوراثية لملاحقة نقطة الاستطاعة الأعظمية في الأنظمة الكهروضوئية
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Tishreen University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2016
fields
Electrical Power Engineering
and research's language is
العربية
Created by
Shamra Editor
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تعد الأنظمة الكهروضوئية منبعاً متجدداً للطاقة الكهربائية و صديقاً للبيئة، لكن لا تزال أسعارها مرتفعة نسبياً. إنّ الحصول على أعظم استطاعة خرجٍ ممكنةٍ من هذه الأنظمة-و ضمان الحفاظ عليها عند أقل كلفة في التطبيقات الواقعية-مرتبط بشكل كبير بملاحقة نقطة الاستطاعة الأعظمية Maximum Power PointTracking (MPPT عند مختلف شروط التشغيل. نقترح في هذا المقال استخدام تقنية الخوارزمية الوراثية (Genetic Algorithm (GA لملاحقة نقطة الاستطاعة الأعظمية اعتماداً على نموذج الخلية الشمسية. تعطي الخوارزمية المقترحة بشكل مباشر و دقيق جهد التشغيل الأمثل (VOP) الذي سيضبط عليه المبدل (DC/DC) و المقابل لنقطة الاستطاعة الأعظمية و ذلك بمعرفة جهد الدارة المفتوحة (VOC) و تيار الدارة القصيرة (ISC) للخلية. و للتحقق من صحة و فعالية الخوارزمية المقترحة قمنا بإعداد برنامج بلغة الماتلاب MATLAB R2010a للخوارزمية الوراثية و برنامجاً ثانياً للخلية الشمسية و دمجهما معاً حيث تم أخذ المقاومة التسلسلية فقط في نموذج الخلية الشمسية و أهملت المقاومة التفرعية. أظهرت نتائج محاكاة تطبيق الخوارزمية المقترحة على عدة نماذج من الألواح الكهروضوئية إمكانية ضبط الجهد بشكل دقيق على القيمة الأمثل و بالتالي تشغيل النظام الكهروضوئي عند نقطة الاستطاعة الأعظمية.
Photovoltaic systems (PVs)offer an environmentally friendlysource of electricity; however, up till now its price is still relatively high.Achieving the maximum power of these systemsand maintaining it with lowest price in real applications is highly associated with Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) under different operation conditions. This paper proposes the use of Genetic Algorithm (GA) for tracking maximum power point depending on the solar cell model. GA gives, directly and precisely, the optimal operating voltage (VOP) of the cell where the DC/DC converter will be adjusted according to it based on the previous knowledge of the open circuit voltage (VOC) and short circuit current (ISC) of the cell. To validate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, MATLAB R2010a programs for GA and PV system are written and incorporated together where the series resistant of the cell is considered while the shunt resistant is neglected. Simulation results of applying GA on different types of solar panels showedthe possibilityof the accurateadjusting of the voltagetothe optimum valueand thusoperating the systemat maximum power point.
References used
HADJI, S.; KRIM, F.; GAUBERT, J. P. Development of an Algorithm of Maximum Power Point Tracking for Photovoltaic Systems Using Genetic Algorithms. IEEE USA, 2011, 43-46
LIU, C.; WU, B.; CHEUNG, R. Advanced Algorithm for MPPT Control of Photovoltaic System. Canadian Solar Buildings Conference, Canadian Solar Buildings ConferenceMontreal, August 20-24, 2004
MORALES, D. S. Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithms for Photovoltaic ApplicationsEspoo 14.12.2010,73
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Search is based on the first stage DC/DC in the solar photovoltaic system, where it
was appropriate to use Ripple Correlation Control method for tracking the maximum
power point of photovoltaic arrays. The technique takes advantage of the signal ri
pple,
which is automatically present in power converters, where the ripple is interpreted as a
perturbation from which a gradient ascent optimization can be realized. The Basic feature
of Ripple Correlation Control technique converges asymptotically at maximum speed to
the maximum power point, and has simple circuit implementations. And will validate the
results in practice.
Fuzzy logic control is used to connect a photovoltaic system to the electrical grid by using three phase fully
controlled converter (inverter), This controller is going to track the maximum power point and inject the
maximum available power from th
e PV system to the grid by determining the trigger angle that must be
applied on the switches: Linguistic variables are going to be chosen to determine the amount of change in
the trigger angle of the inverter to track the maximum power.
This paper deals with the analysis and study of performance of solar panels, so we
choose working on the solar panel (module) MSX-50, in addition to improve his power by
tracking the maximum power point, this is done by using boost (step up) choppe
r to obtain
the largest possible capacity of solar panel.
We will determine a mathematical model equivalent to the real solar panel (not ideal)
through studying photovoltaic cells, where we will use the iterative method in addition to
the Newton-Raphson algorithm in order to determine the value serial resistance of module
Rs parallel resistance of module Rp.
As has been the implementation of perturbation and observation p&o algorithm in
addition studying and designing the circuit of step up (boost) chopper, and selection the
components (coil L, capacitor C), based on both the operation frequency f, ripple factor of
output voltage and output current .
Based on the our study, we have performed a modeling process of the solar module
MSX-50 using MATLAB/SIMULINK program, where we designed a graphical user
interface GUI to display the module characteristics and calculate resistance Rp and Rs, in
addition to build an algorithm p&o and design circuit of boost (step up) chopper.
The proposed model has been applied to the ohmic load according to the principle of
the maximum power point tracking MPPT, and discuss the results of two cases wich are
the following the solar module is connected directly to load, connected through chopper
driven by p&o algorithm.
In the following study we make a simulation of an independent
photovoltaic system connected to an (ohm
- unit of electrical resistance) load which consists of the following
parts:
(Photovoltaic Module - Converter dc- dc - Control system to
track
ing the maximum power point via MATLAB & Simulink
program)
Taking advantage of equations of Photovoltaic Module we chart
the graph and simulate curves of the Module.
We also simulate the converter –type Cuk- which gives higher or
lower voltage than input voltage but with reversed polarity.
We also make a comparison between the two systems tracking:
the first tracker is a traditional one and the second one is a system
in which it uses a fuzzy logic tracker.
The results of the comparison shows different capacities taking into
consideration the varieties of weather conditions of regular solar
radiation as well as the partial shadow.
Such results showed that fuzzy logic has got more capability to
harmonize with all conditions especially in cases of low solar
radiation and partial shadow.
This research deals with improving the efficiency of solar photovoltaic (PV) power
systems using a Maximum Power Point Tracker controller (MPPT controller), based in his
work on the Maximum Power Point Tracking techniques via the direct control met
hod.
Which used to control the duty cycle of DC-DC Voltage Converter, to achieve the
photovoltaic system works at a Maximum Power Point under different atmospheric
changes of the solar insolation and ambient temperature. In this context, our work is
focused on the simulation of the components of the power generating system, such as the
photovoltaic system, DC-DC Boost Converter and a MPPT controller in Matlab/Simulink
environment. The simulating of the MPPT controller was based on several algorithms such
as: Constant Voltage algorithm, Perturb and Observe algorithm and Incremental
Conductance algorithm by using Embedded MATLAB function. The simulation results
showed the effectiveness of the MPPT controller to increase the photovoltaic system power
compared with non-use of a MPPT controller. The results also showed the best
performance of MPPT controller based on Perturb and Observe and Incremental
Conductance algorithm, compared with constant voltage algorithm in tracking the
Maximum Power Point under atmospheric changes.
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