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Register a new userEstimation of groundwater recharge in karstified aquifers in Sher-mansour and Haramon areas (Damascus basin)
تقدير تغذية المياه الجوفية في الطبقات المائية الكارستية في مناطق الحرمون و الشير منصور (حوض دمشق)
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Damascus University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2012
fields
Geology
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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تختلف الطبقات المائية المشققة و الكارستية عن الطبقات المائية المسامية بعدم تجانس خواصها الهيدروليكية بسبب التفاوت الكبير في الخواص الرشحية لصخورها، لهذا لابد من أخذ هذا الاختلاف بالحسبان عند تقدير قيمة تغذية المياه الجوفية لها. في هذا البحث نُوقشت ظروف تغذية المياه الجوفية في مناطق الشير منصور و الحرمون من سلسلة جبال لبنان الشرقية حيث تنتشر الطبقات المائية المشققة-الكارستية بتطبيق طريقتي الميزان المائي و تغير منسوب المياه الجوفية. عند تطبيق الطريقة الأولى –الميزان المائي - قسمت المنطقة إلى قطاعات مائية سطحية و حسبت مركبات هذا الميزان المختلفة في كل قطاع على حدة و قدرت نسبة تغذية المياه الجوفية 2006 . عند تطبيق - من الهطول المطري في المنطقة ككل، فكانت 55.8 % في الأعوام الجافة مثل 2005 طريقة تغير منسوب المياه الجوفية قسمت المنطقة إلى قطاعات مائية جوفية، و حسبت قيم تغيرات المنسوب و المعطائية المائية و تغيرات المخزون المائي الجوفي، و قُدرتْ نسبة تغذية المياه الجوفية من الهطول المطري فراوحت بين 17.6 % في الحرمون و 80 % في الشير منصور، و قد أوضحت النتائج تفاوت تلك النسب بين القطاعات من جهة و بينها و بين ما تم التوصل إليه بنتيجة الحساب بطريقة الميزان المائي.
When estimating groundwater recharge in karstified and fractured aquifers it’s important to take into consideration, that they differ from porous aquifers by inhomogeneities of their hydraulic properties because of the great variance of infiltration properties in their rocks. In this research the process of groundwater recharge in Sher-mansour and Haramon areas in Antilebanon, where karstified and fractured aquifers are developed, was discussed. The portion of rainfall reaching the groundwater was calculated by applying water balance and groundwater level changes methods. In the first method the area was divided into surface zones and water balance components were calculated in each zone and the portion was estimated at 55.8% of rainfall in dry years like 2005-2006. In the second method the area was divided into subsurface zones and groundwater level fluctuations, storage coefficient and groundwater storage were calculated. The groundwater recharge varied between 17.5% in Haramon area and 80% in Sher Mansour area. The results showed that portions of rainfall reaching groundwater are not equal in the deferent subsurface zones and are deferent from those calculated by water balance method.
References used
Brassington, R. (2007). Field Hydrogeology, Wiley, 279 p
Ford, D., Williams, P. (2007). Karst Hydrogeology and Geomorphology, Wiley, 578p
Mangin, A. (1970). Á L'étude des aquifère karstiques à partir de L'analyse des courbes de dé cure et tarissement :Annales de spé Le bogie 581-610
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The Barada River and the ground waters of Damascus Gouta are
considered as a source for irrigation and for increasing the fertility of
the soil since the very old times. But, the concentrate on the rabid
agricultural and industrial development led
to the aggravation of the
water shortage problem and its contamination by pesticides, chemical
pollutants and pathogens microbes. Therefore, this led to the exposition
of the plantations, livestock and human health risks.
This study aims to the estimation of the remaining effect of the
pesticides and the definition of the concentration of some hazardous
heavy metals as well as the study of numerical changes of the
pathological bacteria and parasites in the waters of the Barada River
tributaries and the ground waters in the Damascus Gouta under
different climatic conditions around the year.
This study also defines the potential health hazards related to such a
contamination as well as putting forward some necessary proposals and
recommendations for protecting the public health and environmental
safety in Damascus and its countryside.
The third sector of lower Euphrates basin has a great economic importance, but some
lands have gone out of service because of salinization due to the rise of groundwater levels.
Thus, it is very important to solve the ground water issue using new s
cientific techniques.
This research aims to solve the drainage problem in the third sector using a scenario based
on a mathematical model, the results of which allow us design a proper drainage network
comprised of 111 wells scattered all over the study area, with a total abstraction of 269000
m3/day. This will lower the groundwater level, dry the swamps, and decrease the soil
salinity, ensuring a sustainable economic exploitation of agricultural lands.
Groundwater Samples were collected from seven locations distributed in
Lattakiabasin during the winter and summer seasons of 2013.All samples were treated
chemically and calculated statistically to evaluate the quality of the studied water and its
chemical properties. The aim was to assess the suitability of the water to be potable and to
determine the predominant hydrogeology status.
It was noticed that the concentrations of the detected major elements were within
allowed limits cited for drinking and irrigation waters. Also, it was found that there were
no sharp changes either in salinity or in geochemical type of the water toward groundwater
movement. Furthermore, the groundwater in the studied locations was largely influenced
by lithological composition of aquatic holder. In general, these waters were found to be
uncontaminated with marine waters with exception of the location called " wall of Al
Mena Al Baida" that is located near the sea. This has been proven by calculation of some
of geochemical proportions. Also, this study proved that the aquatic flows in the different
water holders of Latakia basin have a hydrolytic relationship among them. Consequently,
these flows comprise a uniform aquatic flow with homogenous properties in most of its
parts. The direction movement of this uniform flow was identical to the general decline of
the zone mostly.
The Drastic method has been used to assess the potential sensitivity of the
Groundwater In Lattakia basin using Arc GIS 9.2 Where the modified Drastic system has
been developed by combining the land uses and its divisions with general Drastic model
.As a result, final values of Drastic have been modulated into two categories "low and
moderate sensitivity"
It has been found that the introduction of the human criteriahas increased the
potentialof the moderate sensitivity of the Groundwater.
As a final result, the general content of the sensitivity map which has been
establishedfor Lattakia basin, showed, the domination of low sensitivity category in the
north western and the north eastern areas which has big location depths of the Groundwater
and high topographic altitudes.In contrast, the moderate sensitivity category dominated in
the southern areas of the study region.
The latter areas which are characterized by the existence of varied human activities
havelocation ofGroundwater levels close to the surface.
The provision of adequate drainage and the accompanying problem of
accumulation of salt in soil have plagued irrigated agriculture for
centuries. Soil salinity is one of the major problems in arid and semi-arid
zones. In Euphrates valley the high
groundwater level and its high
evaporation rate caused a serious salinity problem. This study was aimed
to allocate the dangerous areas in terms of high water level resulted from
the recent and expected activities. Drainage wells will be drilled at these
areas in order to lower the groundwater level and prevent further soil
salinity.
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