Do you want to publish a course? Click here

The effect of changing soil bulk density with depth on wetting front advance under a trickle line source

تأثير تغير الكثافة الظاهرية للتربة مع العمق في تقدم جبهة الابتلال تحت مصدر تنقيط خطي

2289   2   29   0 ( 0 )
 Publication date 2011
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




Ask ChatGPT about the research

Among the factors affecting the movement of water in the soil are soil properties (structure and texture). The rate of components of soil minerals and organic material has an effect on its bulk density. As the surface soil has organic matter more than subsurface soil in general, the bulk density increases with soil depth, so the research aims to study the effect of changing soil bulk density with depth on wetting front advance under a trickle line source. The experimental work included a nine laboratory tests for monitoring the advancement of the wetting front with time, The water advance and water distribution measurement are carried out for three cases of the soil profile with the change of bulk density along soil depth (0.00923,0.00462,0) gm/cm 3/cm: first case with the soil changed bulk density from 1.2 gm/cm 3 at the soil surface and gradually to 1.8 gm/cm 3 at a maximum depth of the profile, the second case with the soil changing bulk density from 1.5 gm / cm 3 to 1.8 gm / cm 3, and the third case homogeneous soil with bulk density 1.2 gm / cm 3, and using three application flow rates 1.3,2.6,3.9 cm 3 / min / cm. The study showed that with the increase in the change of bulk density along soil depth there is a small increase in horizontal advance and almost non-existent increase in vertical advance while they are clear and tangible in diagonal advance. It also showed that the amount of the increase in the vertical advance is greater than in the horizontal advance and be could be in diagonal advance when increasing the application flow rate, and all of the horizontal advance, vertical advance and the diagonal advance of the wetting front increase with the decrease of the application flow rate when applied in the same volume of water.

References used
Hachum, A.Y. (1973), “Water Movement in Soil from Trickle Source” M.Sc.Thesis, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
Ainechee,G.,S.Boroomand-Nasab and M.Behzad (2009) “Simulation of soil wetting pattern under point source trickle irrigation”. Journal of Applied Sciences 9(6):1170-1174
Zur, B. (1996), “Wetted Soil Volume as a Design Objective in Trickle Irrigation”, Irrigation Science (16) : 101-105
rate research

Read More

A field experiment was conducted for two years 2011-2012 to evaluate the effect of various tillage implements, tillage depths and nitrogen fertilizer timing application on soil bulk density, its moisture, and peanut growth. Three different implements were used: moldboard (MP), chisel (CP) and disk ploughs (DP). Tillage depth treatments (split-plots) included (8-10) cm, (18- 20) cm and (28- 30) cm tillage depths; D1, D2 ,D3 respectively. Timing applications (split-split- plots) were: T1 all nitrogen fertilizer applied at planting ,T2 half nitrogen applied at planting and half at flowering ,T3 all nitrogen fertilizer applied at flowering. All tillage implements decreased soil bulk density for the tillage depth. They were for treatments (DP,CP,MP) at (0-10)cm depth (1.31,1.33,1.29) g/cm3, (1.31,1.32,1.31) g/cm3 at (10-20) cm depth and (1.36,1.37,1.35)g/cm3at(20-30) cm depth. Soil moisture increased in treatments (DP,CP) with increasing tillage depth .There was no effect of previous factors on main branches, but timing of nitrogen fertilizers (T1, T2) effected secondary branches significantly compared to T3. Moldboard significantly increased leaf area to (1.77) m2/plant compared to chisel (CP) and disk ploughs (DP). Also D2, D3 increased leaf area compared to D1. (T1, T2) significantly increased leaf area compared to T1. Interaction between timing of application and depth (D3 xT2) gave significant differences. The best value was (1.85) m2/plant for the two years.
This research is done in an experiment by plaster in the circumstances of Homs. The aim of this paper to study the effect of adding four different levels of phosphogypsum as much as (0.00, 6.72, 13.44, 20.16)ton / hectare (three replicates for eac h treatment) on bulk density and structure stability for clay soil has taken from (Kattina). The results showed improvement in the stability of the structure of soil specially (0.25-1)mm, increasing in aggregation degree , increasing of the rate of total porosity ,air filled porosity in comparison to the control at the two levels(13.44, 20.16)ton/hectare and also by increasing the added level . Whereas the dispersion ratio , and Bulk density were decreased when increasing the level of phosphogypsum at the same two levels. The main achieved results in this study showed , a significant increase in aggregation degree in the soil when increasing the ratio of the added phosphogypsum at the levels( 6.72, 13.44, 20.16) in comparasion with control . In other way the dispersion ratio was decreased and had negative relationship when increasing the level of the added phosphogypsum in comparasion with control .
The research was carried out at Al-Qamishli Agricultural Research Center, GSAR, Syira, during the seasons 2011, 2012 and 2013, in order to estimate the effect of adding different levels of a crude Zeolite (T2-20 tons/ha, T3- 40 tons/ha, in addition to the control (without adding Zeolite T1), on wheat productivity within a bilateral crop rotation was followed, consisted of wheat and chickpea, and on the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the surface layer of the soil .The research was conducted using Complete Randomized Block Design with three replicates.
In this search, has been studied set of practical experiences for compacting several metal powders composed a metallic alloy based iron from powders with a proposed geometric shapes (cylindrical). Several tests were done in order to reach the relat ionship between the final apparent density for the compact with a sintering time, and study changing the geometric dimensions of the final compact after the completion of sintering process during different time periods. The tests and Measurement results had been demonstrated that sintering time affect positively on the apparent density of the final compact which Manufactured by technique metal powders, and thus will increase its strength, where proportionality is directly proportional access even to a certain extent. And also its effect was an obvious shrinking diameters samples used in the tests. And changing (increase or decrease) in height samples. Search has shown the great importance of the follow-up studying and analyzing the relationships which associate that variables of metal powders technique each other, and their different effect on the final compact.
In 2002, Zeyzoun Dam failure, that is an embankment dam located at the northwest of Syria, made a big Awareness of the effects of the lack of Geotechnical investigations and concern given to seismic design, geological conditions and location of the d am. Zeyzoun dam location, in the vicinity of the Dead Sea fault system, emphasizes the importance of analyzing the effects of lithological stratum in dam foundations on dam seismic stability. This paper is concerned with the influence of a high permeable soil layer that has different static and dynamic properties, and exists at different depths in dam foundation. Geo-studio software, a Geotechnical program that applies the finite element method and can consider analysis like seepage, dynamic analysis and slope stability, used to build and analyse numerical models. The results of dynamic analysis showed rising of phreatic line level in dam body, amplification in dam dynamic response, increasing in pore-water and excess pore water pressure and decreasing in stability factors of safety, along with decreasing of the thin layer depth.
comments
Fetching comments Fetching comments
Sign in to be able to follow your search criteria
mircosoft-partner

هل ترغب بارسال اشعارات عن اخر التحديثات في شمرا-اكاديميا