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Register a new userThe role of risk management in the reduction of non-performing loans(An applied study on the Syrian Real Estate Bank)
دور إدارة المخاطر في الحد من القروض المتعثرة (دراسة تحليلية في المصرف العقاري السوري)
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سمر حبيب( باحث )
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تعتمد ظاهرة القروض المتعثرة - التي انتشرت بشكل كبير خلال السنوات الأخيرة - على مجموعة من العوامل التي تسهم إمّا في الحد منها أو زيادتها ، إذ إن الالتزام بالضوابط الائتمانية (و خاصة ما يتعلق بالضمانات و شروط منح القروض) من شأنه الحد من القروض المتعثرة ، في حين أن تجاوز هذه الضوابط و الخروج عنها يعتبر عاملاً مساعداً على زيادتها ، الأمر الذي يعني تدني مستوى المحفظة الائتمانية, و تصاعد معدلات التعرض للمخاطر على اختلافها . و في هذه الدراسة التحليلية التي تمت عن مديرية إدارة المخاطر في المصرف العقاري السوري, التي هدفت إلى التعرف على مدى التزام هذه المديرية بقرارات مجلس النقد و التسليف المتعلقة بالقروض المتعثرة . تمت الدراسة من خلال الاطلاع على السياسات و الإجراءات المتبعة من قبل المديرية حول كيفية التعامل مع القروض المتعثرة ، و أيضاً من خلال المقابلات الشخصية . أظهرت النتائج أن المديرية تسهم بدور فعّال في الحد من القروض المتعثرة من خلال التزامها بالضوابط الائتمانية , على الرغم من مواجهتها لمجموعة من الصعوبات في عملها خلال الفترة الحالية, و أهم التوصيات التي تم التوصل إليها ضرورة طرح منتجات جديدة و بشروط خاصة بما يتناسب مع الظروف الراهنة ، و التركيز على إعادة هيكلية الودائع ، و أهمية الاعتماد على فريق استشاري اقتصادي و قانوني بهدف الوصول إلى قرار ائتماني أكثر دقة.
The quality of credit portfolio depends heavily on the integrity of the decision to grant credit, which is in turn linked to a set of policies, procedures and standards that will reduce the faltering customers.The focus in this study was on the risk department in the Syrian Real Estate Bank and the role that the department played to reduce the nonperforming loans through the policies and procedures that it carried out and the commitment to Monetary and Credit Council decisions related to non-performing loans. The results showed that the department has an effective role in reducing non-performing loans, and it currently faces set of difficulties inits work in.The most important recommendations that have been reached are the need to launch new products with special conditions adjusting with the current conditions, and focusing on the restructuring of the deposits and the importance of relying on the economic legal advisory team to reach more accurate credit decision.
Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تتناول الدراسة التحليلية التي أجرتها الدكتورة سمر حبيب دور إدارة المخاطر في المصرف العقاري السوري في الحد من القروض المتعثرة. تركز الدراسة على مدى التزام مديرية إدارة المخاطر بقرارات مجلس النقد والتسليف المتعلقة بالقروض المتعثرة، وتستعرض السياسات والإجراءات المتبعة من قبل المديرية للتعامل مع هذه القروض. من خلال المقابلات الشخصية والاطلاع على السياسات والإجراءات، أظهرت النتائج أن المديرية تلعب دورًا فعالًا في الحد من القروض المتعثرة على الرغم من الصعوبات التي تواجهها. توصي الدراسة بطرح منتجات جديدة بشروط خاصة، وإعادة هيكلة الودائع، والاعتماد على فريق استشاري اقتصادي وقانوني لتحسين دقة القرارات الائتمانية.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: على الرغم من أن الدراسة تقدم تحليلًا شاملاً لدور إدارة المخاطر في المصرف العقاري السوري، إلا أنها تفتقر إلى بعض الجوانب الهامة. على سبيل المثال، لم تتناول الدراسة بشكل كافٍ تأثير العوامل الاقتصادية والسياسية الخارجية على أداء المصرف وإدارة المخاطر. كما أن التوصيات المقدمة تفتقر إلى تفاصيل عملية حول كيفية تنفيذها بشكل فعّال في ظل الظروف الاقتصادية الحالية. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، كان من الممكن أن تكون الدراسة أكثر شمولية إذا تضمنت مقارنة مع ممارسات إدارة المخاطر في مصارف أخرى في المنطقة.
Questions related to the research
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ما هو الهدف الرئيسي من الدراسة؟
الهدف الرئيسي من الدراسة هو التعرف على دور إدارة المخاطر في المصرف العقاري السوري في الحد من القروض المتعثرة ومدى التزامها بقرارات مجلس النقد والتسليف المتعلقة بالقروض المتعثرة.
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ما هي أهم التوصيات التي توصلت إليها الدراسة؟
أهم التوصيات تشمل طرح منتجات جديدة بشروط خاصة، إعادة هيكلة الودائع، والاعتماد على فريق استشاري اقتصادي وقانوني لتحسين دقة القرارات الائتمانية.
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ما هي الصعوبات التي تواجهها مديرية إدارة المخاطر في المصرف العقاري السوري؟
من الصعوبات التي تواجهها المديرية ضعف تأهيل الكادر العامل، نقص الاستشاريين، وعدم وجود نظام استعلام فعال عن العملاء.
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كيف تساهم مديرية إدارة المخاطر في الحد من القروض المتعثرة؟
تساهم المديرية من خلال الالتزام بقرارات مجلس النقد والتسليف، متابعة التدفقات النقدية، إعادة تخمين الضمانات بشكل دوري، وتقديم تقارير دورية عن المخاطر والالتزام بمعايير الإقراض.
References used
DAWAR, N. when Marketing is strategy. HBR, 2013
Merton ,R.Innovation Risk: Howto Make smarter Decisions, HBR, 2013
الدغيم، وآخرون. التحليل الائتماني ودوره في ترشيد عمليات الإقراض المصرفي – دراسة تطبيقية على المصرف الصناعي السوري. مجلة جامعة تشرين، المجلد 28 ، العدد3 , 2006
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Despite the development of work environment at banks in the twenty-first century,
and with the expansion of activities and banking operations, these banks have increasing
risks (credit risk, market risk, operational risk, etc.) which in turn need t
o be managed
more accurately and comprehensively to ensure maintaining stability, safety, and durability
of the work of banks, and avoiding the risk of failure to the maximum extent possible. This
requires the need to adhere to the standards of banking supervision, which is the guarantee
for the safety of the banking business and using modern inputs (the internal rating input,
the standard input, the Advanced Measurement input). In addition, the provisions of the
requirements of quantity and quality contribute to improving the efficiency of Risk
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meet the restriction standards of banking supervision, which considers modern inputs one
of its tools. This will be reflected on the development of the risk management process and
achieve various fundamental changes in reducing the risks, because preventing them may
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factors, and the environmental conditions surrounding the work of the bank. This study is
based on the descriptive analytical method, and conducts interviews with employees in the
Directorate of risks to identify the mechanism of action taken by the Directorate and what
can be achieved if it depends on the application of modern inputs. This research shows that
what the Directorate are doing falls within the framework of the application of the input to
the internal rating, and they need to adhere to the standards of banking supervision in order
to increase their efficiency in relation to various types of risks.
In recent years, working environment has been characterized by the tendency
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developments, information technology, and communications world. This side carries
ma
ny positive signs that will increase customer satisfaction and confidence in the bank,
which would give it a greater ability to keep its customers and attract new ones; that will
be positively reflected on its performance. However, this has led the banking business to
being subjected to various risks; some of these risks are associated with internal factors
that belong to the bank and its management, and others are external whose source is
changing the environment surrounding the banking business, and that imposes priorities on
the bank to ensure survival in the banking market in light of increasing competition. The
most important of these priorities is to strengthen capital and reserves consistent with risk
levels imposed by this new and open environment. This study focuses on analyzing of
financial lists and reports provided by the accounting information system implemented at
the Real Estate Bank of Syria, and how much it can meet CAMELS requirements, being
one of the most important methods used in the banking evaluation process and supervision.
This research concludes that the accounting information system applied in the Real Estate
Bank of Syria provides some detailed information which can be used according to the
CAMELS method. However, there is some information that is not provided by the
accounting information system in its reports and statements to be used according to this
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The banking sector shapes a main backbone of economy in any country, given the great services provided by the economic life in any society, in addition to the significant developmental role play as a motivator and a engine of development wheel, and l
ike all other institutions banks seem subject to the competition element among them in the domain of credit granting.
The significant developments in the financial sector at the level of the world marked by the enormous technological progress in the banking industry, and the introduction of new financial instruments some financial crises, and most of the crises in the financial sector problems were common denominator where the banks, experts attributed this to increased risks, led by banking credit risk arising from credit granting, therefore it was necessary for each bank to put specific controls that guarantee the possibility of increasing granting credit while maintaining risk within acceptable limits, this requires the availability of an efficient system of credit analysis.
Here they sought researcher of this study is to focus on the study of credit made in the Commercial Bank of Syria, which overlook a lot of the important aspects that need to be studied and which may constitute a starting point for risk, Which leads in turn to stumble in the future, the researcher in theoretical section depended on the descriptive approach to what is stated in the most important books and references Banking and Finance, and depended on field study in the practical side to get to know the reality of the studies conducted by the Commercial Bank of Syria before granting loans and advances.
The goal of the researcher of this study to verify the existence of a certified system of credit analysis at the Commercial Bank of Syria, and the efficiency analysis in commercial bank credit to reduce the size of the credit risk associated with the granting of loans.
The most important results lack a holistic system of system credit analysis at the Commercial Bank of Syria, particularly with regard to financial ratios used in the analysis process, the adoption of curriculum diversification to reduce risks associated with the granting of credit, The bank's focus on collateral and personal for the granting of loans, and credit analysis neglects to identify the purpose of the granting of the loan as well as the history of banking transactions for credit applicants with other banks.
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characterization of the current administrative processes and procedures and work to visualize
a proposed administrative processes after application Reengineering up to the steps's work
helps to simplify AlajraratAladrah, was the preview intentional use were questionnaire
distributed to the employees in the bank, and the study concluded that there was support and
support by the management of the possibility of applying the re-engineering entrance and
simplify After application procedures Reengineering positively reflected on the staff
performance and customer satisfaction.
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