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Register a new userAbout the gravitation of material straight lines and rays
حول جاذبية المستقيمات و أنصاف المستقيمات المادية
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خالد العبدالله( باحث )
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درسنا في هذا البحث حقل الجاذبية الذي يولده مستقيمٌ ماديٌ حوله. بينا بساطة الحقل المدروس، ثم بينا علاقته بقوس نصف الدائرة. ناقشنا أيضاً موضوع جذب مستقيمين متخالفين لبعضهما، و بينا عدم تعلق قوة الجذب المتبادلة بينهما بالمسافة. درسنا أيضاً الحقل الذي يولده نصف مستقيم، حيث قدمنا الصيغ المختلفة لهذا الحقل، و بينا خواصه الهندسية، و علاقته بقوس دائري يُرى من خلاله. درسنا أيضاً خطوط الحقل السابق، و بينا أنها قطوع مكافئة، و بينا بطرق مختلفة أن سطوح السوية هي سطوح لمجسمات دورانية مكافئة.
In this paper, we study the gravitational field generated by a material straight line around itself. We show the simplicity of the studied field, and we show its relation with the arc of half circle. We discussed also the subject of attracting two spacious straight lines, and we show the absence of relation between the mutual force and the distance. Also we study the field generated by a ray, where we present the different formulas for this field, and we show its geometrics properties, and its relation to a circular arc sees through it. Also studied the previous field lines, and we show that it are parabolas, and we appear by different ways that the equivalent surfaces are parabolic surfaces of revolution.
References used
Isaac Newton, Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, Edmond Halley, London, 1687
K. Abdullah, Propriétés du système séculaire, thèse de doctorat de l'Observatoire de Paris, Paris 2001
K. Abdullah, A Albouy, "On a strange resonance noticed by M. Herman", REGUL CHAOTIC DYN, 2001, 6 (4), 421-432
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In this search, we study the gravitational field engendered by a
material segment around itself. In the beginning, we discuss the
concept of the gravitational field generated by arbitrary curve. It turns out
that this field depends on the concept
of linear mass, and is directly relate to the distance of the position, to which we calculate the field from the tangents of curve, and not from the curve itself.
Material segment is a special case of material curves, and characterized by the confusability of all its tangents, that allow simplify the calculations, and find a simplified formula of the field. We end our research by comparing the field of material segment, with a field of appropriate circular arc.
Contrary to what it is expected, it appear in the end that the field of material segment is inversely proportional to the distance from that segment, and not to the square of distance
In the paper, we study gravitational field generated by a special type of homogeneous material curves that are denoted circumscribed curves.
Characteristic state of these curves is the linking of each one of them to a circle, and the circumscribing
of him around the circle, or an arc of
him, according to a precise meaning.
The circumscribed curve consists of arcs of a circle, and straight segments, their right supports are tangents to the circle. In special case, where this curve is a polygon, the sides are tangents to a circle. In this case, we call the polygon, circumscribed polygon.
The study shows that the center of the circle, around it, a homogeneous material curve circumscribed, is an equilibrium center.
Could Buddhism really comptete Marxism in its material tendency? This would be
the point of focus of this piece of research through a comparative study between Buddhism
and Marxism in the light of the viewpoint of each of them toward materialism an
d such
relevant issues as the cosmos, God, religion, consciousness, dialectics….etc. therefore, we
shall endeavor basically to prove that Buddhism was not---- as is believed ---- a
philosophical spiritual school, quite contrastively, it was a realistically dynamic
materialistic school. If we could strike this point, Buddhism would be in the same domain
as Marxism. This is so if we did not consider them two cumulative school. Needless to say
that a few discrepancies whether relating to methodological or to the change of the spaciotemporal
or social change have been closely scrutinized.
In this paper, we study the gravitational field generated by a
straight material segment around itself. At first we discuss the
calculation of the field, outside the support of the segment, and on
this support, then we discuss the self field. We a
lso study values of
this field in special points.
We also study the field generated by a set of segments,, where we
interest in the value of this field in the common special points, and show
the cases where this field is finite, or infinite. We provide a set of
properties concerning the components of this field.
We also discussed the concept of falling on the material segment, where
we define the particular type of motion which we call successive motion,
and we show its conditions. This motion really present a falling on the
material segment.
The extended crack resistance of concrete is necessary in the desisn of nonlinear behavior of structural It can be described through the intensity stress factor and the critical crack opening under maximum
force. The length of the crack is necessary
for calculating intensity stress factor and the critical crack opening under maximum force.
The aim of this work is to conehede the relations between intensity stress factor and the critical crack opening under maximum force with the material properties of concrete such as paste volume, compressive strength and maximum aggregate diameter. The length of crack is calculated using the analytical model of Olesen that depends on bilinear softening, and the parameters of the softening curve were found using inverse analysis. The experimental results of three point bending test for beams with different sizes which are made from concretes with different compressive strengths are used in the inverse analysis.
It is found that intensity stress factor and the critical crack opening under maximum force depend on paste volume and they increase when F'c increases, while they are independent from maximum
aggregate size.
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