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Register a new userThe General Methodology for the Study of Electrical Cables Technically and Economically
المنهجية العامة لدراسة الكابلات الكهربائية فنياً و اقتصادياً
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Aِl-Baath University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2014
fields
Electrical Power Engineering
and research's language is
العربية
Created by
Shamra Editor
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إن الهدف الأساسي من تمديد الكوابل الكهربائية هو تأمين نقل الاستطاعة الكهربائية بين كافة مكونات منظومة القدرة الكهربائية و التي تشمل التوليد و التوزيع و الىقل و الاستثمار بأفضل مردود ممكن. في هذا البحث سنستعرض الأسس العامة التي تمكننا من اختيار المقطع اللمناسب للكابل بما يتوافق مع الجدوى الاقتصادية و الفنية. و قد تم توضيح هذي الدارسة من خلال وضع خوارزمية توافق الدراسة الفىية و أخرى توافق الدراسة الاقتصادية بالإضافة إلى برمجة ذلك من خلال استخدام برنامج Excel و من ثم اعتماد المقطع النهائي للكابل بما يتلائم مع كلا الدراستين.
The main aim of the extension of electrical cables is to transmit electric power between the components of electric power system, which include generating, distributing, transporting and investing the system with the best possible performance. In this paper, we will show the general principles which enable us to choose the suitable cable-section in accordance with the economic and technical feasibility. In this study, we develop two algorithms : the first algorithm takes into account the technical study, while the second concentrates on economic study and then the final section of the cable is selected as a result of both studies.
References used
G.F .Moore, “Electric Cables Handbook” third edition 2006, ISBN 0-632-04075-0
T.S. Kishore, S.K. Singal, “Optimal economic planning of power transmission lines”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 39, November 2014, Pages 949-974
Antonio. Gomez exposito “Electrical energy system”. 2009 ISBN 13:978-0-8493-7365-78
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After that automation electrical power transfer stations towards to
use intelligent electronic devices that are performing multiple
functions : process protection, monitoring, control and use
private companies manufacturers of equipment communicat
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protocols, so that need to build electrical smart grid that coordinate his parameters and support his devices.
Search begins definition electrical smart grid and its importance,
and includes the benefit of this electrical smart grid, the requirements and the careers then the specifications of electrical
smart grid, at the end of the search: we compare between the
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electrical smart grid.
Operating the electrical power systems at normal conditions is our goal always. This
is what represents the ideal state of electrical power system work. Hence, the electrical
power system work in case of insufficient electrical power requires avoid
ing since it leads
to big losses in national economy.
These losses could be huge when we talk about connection borders between systems
as per overload frame, because of lack of electrical power request. The impact of these
conditions could be noticeably decreased at a reasonable limit of electrical power request.
When we find out the optimal solution of electrical power systems operation and the
communication lines between them while considering the losses of consumers
disconnecting that guarantee the stability of loads. Finally, it is so at full use of maneuver
(available cases) spare power properties when applying the instant correction of regime.
This paper studies the basic approach to solve these issues which imply the reliability
definitions.
This study concentrates on two basic problems:i)- Increasing of power
efficiency in Industrial premises to reduce the energy needed for product
unit without any impact on the production level .
To achieve this goal, lighting system should be opera
ted in a certain
condition, capacitor banks for power factor improvement should be
installed, and energy losses of distribution transformers should be reduced.
Ceramic Sample of tin doped pure barium titanate prepared by solid-state reaction at
a sintering temperature of 1350˚C for 3.5h. The electrical properties of ceramic BaTi1-
xSnxO3 studied for the ratios (x= 0, 0.05, 0.07, 0.1, 0.12, 0.15, 0.17), as
a function of
temperature from 0˚C to 170˚C at 1kHz. The maximum value of the dielectric constant
reached to έ=6568 for the content x=0.1 at the temperature Tc=50˚C. The phase transition
for barium titanate was of the first type with γ=1.07. The degree of the transition changed
by increase the ratio of added tin. Where the maximum value of transition degree γ=1.46 at
the ratio x=0.15. Curie constant decreases with increasing ratios of tin added to the ceramic
samples.
Ceramic samples of calcium doped barium titanate have been prepared from highpurity
raw materials by using solid-state reaction method at a sintering temperature of
1350˚C for 3.5h. The electrical properties of ceramic samples Ba1-xCaxTiO3 have bee
n
studied for the ratios (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1), as a function of temperature within the
range of 25˚C to 220˚C at the frequency 1kHz. Experimental results show that the Currie
point moved within the temperature range from 120˚C to 150˚C by change of calciumadded
ratios. Dielectric constant decreases by increasing the calcium-added ratios. The
maximum value of the dielectric constant rached to έ=6898.85 for barium titanate at the
temperature Tc = 132˚C. We got the high values of the tangent loss angle at both ends of
the studied temperature range. Curie constant decrease of the samples by increasing the
additional calcium ratios.
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