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Tectonic Study of Al-Sin Faults Zone

دراسة تكتونية لنطاق فوالق السن

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 Publication date 2014
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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Tectonic study and structural analyses of Al-Sin Faults Zone show that it is composed from a group of E-W to NE-SW pure normal faults, characterizing by increasing of vertical throw from east to west. Formation and evolution of Al-Sin Faults Zone principally related to coastal Range uplift during Levant Fault formation in lower Pliocene. Al-Sin Faults Zone used heritable faults from lower Cretaceous, witch interpret the important deviation of its direction from E-W to NE-SW.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تقدم هذه الدراسة تحليلاً تكتونياً وبنيوياً لنطاق فوالق السن في غرب سوريا، حيث يتألف من مجموعة من الفوالق العادية ذات الاتجاهات E-W إلى NE-SW. يزداد مقدار الرمية الشاقولية من الشرق إلى الغرب. يرتبط تشكل وتطور هذا النطاق بعملية نهوض السلسلة الساحلية أثناء تشكل الفالق المشرقي في البليوسين الأسفل. استخدم نطاق فوالق السن بنيات فالقية موروثة من زمن الكريتاسي الأسفل، مما يفسر الانحراف الهام في اتجاهه. تتوزع الفوالق في منطقة الدراسة على عدة اتجاهات، ويعد فالق السن هو الفالق الرئيسي في المنطقة. تم تحديد نوع الفوالق بناءً على محطات قياس متعددة، وأظهرت النتائج أن الفوالق هي فوالق عادية صرفة. توضح المقاطع الجيولوجية بنية المنطقة والرميات الشاقولية التي سببتها الفوالق العادية في نطاق فالق السن. تشير النتائج إلى أن نطاق فوالق السن قد تشكل في عدة مراحل تكتونية منفصلة، وأن نشوءه مرتبط بعمليات النهوض في السلسلة الساحلية في البليوسين الأسفل. توصي الدراسة بإجراء دراسات نيوتكتونية لتحديد النشاط الحالي للنطاق الفالقي.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تعتبر هذه الدراسة مهمة لفهم التطور التكتوني لنطاق فوالق السن وتأثيره على حركة المياه الجوفية في المنطقة. ومع ذلك، هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن تحسينها. أولاً، كان من الأفضل تضمين مزيد من البيانات الحقلية لتأكيد النتائج بشكل أكبر. ثانياً، يمكن أن تكون الدراسة أكثر شمولاً إذا تم تضمين تحليلات إضافية مثل تحليل الزلازل والنشاط الزلزالي في المنطقة. وأخيراً، كان من الممكن تقديم توصيات أكثر تفصيلاً حول كيفية استخدام هذه النتائج في التخطيط المستقبلي لإدارة الموارد المائية في المنطقة.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هو الاتجاه الرئيسي للفوالق في نطاق فوالق السن؟

    الاتجاه الرئيسي للفوالق في نطاق فوالق السن هو من E-W إلى NE-SW.

  2. ما هو السبب الرئيسي لتشكل وتطور نطاق فوالق السن؟

    السبب الرئيسي لتشكل وتطور نطاق فوالق السن هو عملية نهوض السلسلة الساحلية أثناء تشكل الفالق المشرقي في البليوسين الأسفل.

  3. ما هي الفوالق الموروثة التي استخدمها نطاق فوالق السن؟

    استخدم نطاق فوالق السن بنيات فالقية موروثة من زمن الكريتاسي الأسفل.

  4. ما هي التوصيات التي قدمتها الدراسة؟

    أوصت الدراسة بإجراء دراسة نيوتكتونية لنطاق فوالق السن لتحديد فيما إذا كان يتمتع بنشاط حالي.


References used
AL ABDALLA A. Evolution Tectonique de la Plate-forme Arabe en Syrie depuis le Mésozoïque. Thèse Doct. Université de Paris6. (2008).302p
(ALJASSIM A.K. Stratigraphy and tectonic of Nahr Alkabir Alshmali Depression, Report on the geological survey, Damascus. (1969
(AL-JRMAKANI I. Geological Maps of Syria (Banyass), 1\50000. Damascus (1979
ANGELIER J. Tectonic analysis of fault slip data sets. J. 5- Geophys. Res. 89, (1984). p.5835-5848
GOMEZ F., KHAWLIE M., TABET C., DARKAL A., KHAIR K., BARAZANGI M. (2006). Late Cenozoic uplift along the northern Dead Sea transform in Lebanon and Syria, Earth and Planetary Science Letters 241 p.913– 931
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The obtained results by hydrogeological and Tectonic survey related to fresh water resources in Al-Sin Basin, indicated that the fundamental aquifer of underground water in AL-SIN region belong to Jurassic. The alimentary basin of Al-Sin spring depen d upon filtration of rainfall water and snow throw Jurassic formation from north and north–east of basin. Direction of underground water circulation is toward west and south-west where we find flow place of Al-Sin spring and submarine fresh springs near seashore. Tectonical study shows the existence of fractures and fault groups with NE-SW, ENE-WSW and NW-SE directions. Groundwater movement has the same direction of fractures and faults NE-SW to ENE-WSW and Al-Sin fault structure which allow the existence of direct relation between principal Jurassic aquifer and secondary aquifer especially Cenomanian one.
AlSin Spring spurts at the foot of coastal mountains and pours in The Mediterranean sea near Arab-Almulk village. Presently, spring water used for drinking, irrigation and industry, while excess water goes to sea. Current research aims to determin e the daily discharge response to daily rainfall, and to set an equation for recession discharge for predicting spring discharge and volumes of flow after definite time from the beginning of spring base flow, which allows to operate and manipulate available water resources through an optimum design of water intake from this spring. Response time of AlSin Spring between (3-5) days for average discrete daily rainfall with high intensity which caused 0.5 ~ 1.0 m3/sec increasing in spring discharge value. Yearly discharge trends to decrease with a rate of 0.0975 m3/sec between 1974 and 2016 years. While the monthly minimum discharges increase about 0.1284 m3/sec, and monthly maximums decrease about 0.0752 m3/sec between 1994 and 2016. We recommend adopting recession curve analysis to predict the optimal discharge of springs within definite periods.
Modelling the relationship between drinking water turbidity and other indicators of water quality in Al-Sin drinking water purification plant using Dynamic Artificial neural networks could help in the implementation of the stabilization for the per formance of the plant because these neural networks provide efficient tool to deal with the complex, dynamic and non-linear nature of purification processes. They have the ability to response to various instant changes in parameters influencing water purification. In this research, four models of feed-forward back-propagation dynamic neural network were designed to predict the effluent turbidity from Al-Sin drinking water purification plant. The models were built based on turbidity, pH and conductivity of raw water data while the effluent turbidity data were used for verify the performance accuracy of each network. The results of this research confirm the ability of dynamic neural networks in modeling and simulating the non-linearity behavior of water turbidity as well as to predict its values. They can be used in Al-Sin drinking water purification plant in order to achieve the stabilization of its performance.
Results of this research which had been done by hydrogeological and geoelectrical survey for fresh water resources in the study region (wells and springs) show that the fundamental aquifer of underground water in AL-SIN region belongs to Jurassic. Th e alimentary basin of AL-SIN spring depend upon filtration of rain water and snow throw Jurassic formation from north and north–east of basin. Direction of underground water circulation on west and south-west where we find flow place of AL-SIN spring and submarine springs near seashore.
The study and design of water-intakes on springs is based on the analysis of time series of historical measurements to achieve prediction of incoming water volumes or future expected. The research aims to model the monthly water flows of AL-SIN Sp ring in Syrian Coast and future expectations of these flows, by adopting the Box-Jenkins models to analyze the time series data, due to its reliable accuracy. Monthly water flows, thus, monthly volumes, for 101 month (from June 2008 to October 2016) were processed. Performing the stability of the time series on variance and median and non-seasonality and making the wanted tests on model residuals, we found that the best model to represent the data is SARIMA(2,0,1) (2,1,0)12 , and after dividing the data into 81 month to build the model and 20 month to test it. Depending on the smallest of weighted mean of criteria RMSE, MAP, MAE,. The best predicted model was SARIMA (3,1,0) (1,1,0)12 and the model gave the nearest predicted values to actually measured data in spring.
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