Mobile wireless sensor network (MWSN) is a wireless ad hoc network that consists
of avery large number of tiny sensor nodes communicating with each other in which
sensornodes are either equipped with motors for active mobility or attached to mobile
objectsfor passive mobility. A real-time routing protocol for MWSN is an exciting area of
research
because messages in the network are delivered according to their end-to-end
deadlines
(packet lifetime) while sensor nodes are mobile. This paper proposes an enhanced
realtime
with load distribution (ERTLD) routing protocol for MWSN which is based on our
previousrouting protocol RTLD. ERTLD utilized corona mechanism and optimal
forwardingmetrics to forward the data packet in MWSN. It computes the optimal
forwarding nodebased on RSSI, remaining battery level of sensor nodes and packet
delayover one-hop. ERTLDensures high packet delivery ratio and experiences minimum
end-to-end delay in WSNand MWSN compared to baseline routing protocol. . In this paper
we consider a highly dynamic wireless sensor network system in which the sensor nodes
and the base station(sink) are mobile.ERTLD has been studied and verified and compared
with baseline routing protocols RTLD,MM-SPEED , RTLCthrough Network Simulator-
2(NS2)
شبكات الحساسات اللاسلكية
RTLD (Real-time with load distributed routing) Protocol
شبكات الحساسات اللاسلكية النقالة
بروتوكول التوجيه بالزمن الحقيقي مع توزيع الحمولة
بروتوكول التوجيه بالزمن الحقيقي المحسن مع توزيع الحمولة
معدل استقبال الرزمة
خيار التوجيه الأفضل
مؤشر قوة الاشارة المستقبلة
WSN(wireless sensor networks)
MWSN) Mobile wireless sensor networks)
ERTLD ( Enhanced Real-time with load distributed routing) Protocol
PRR(Packet Reception Rate)
Optimal Forwarding (OF)
RSSI: Received Signal Strength Indicator
MN(Mobile Node)
MS(Mobile sink)
المزيد..
This research paper presents a number of attempts in order to clarify the concept of
"surprise and breaking the horizon of expectations" .It also tends to present the mechanism
for applying this concept to the historical text which is not directly
realated to the modern
theories of linguistics. It's very clear that both sides of the concept the theoretical side, and
the partical one in Ziad Bin Abeeh's speech in AL-Basra as an applied model, belong to
two totally different fields of knowledge.
We notice this concept with Ziad Bin Abeeh's at the very first word of his speech,
where he overlooked starting with the Basemla, overriding, Thus, the protocols of
discourse openings , as if he were proceeding a text or a precedent act of speech. At this
particular point, the practical side begins to observe the concept of expectation in speech
based on the data introduced in modern linguistics in reception theory and pragmatics
through the concepts of inference and reasoning , and the act of speech and intentionality,
etc..In addition to that, the textual analysis connects the implications of these concepts
within the linguistic textual structure, and its relation with breaking the horizon of
expectation, and to what extent it affects , the discourse act and its resulting act.
Thus, pragmaticcs, which is the branch of linguistics dealing with language in use
seem to be the best approach to the analysis of Ziad's speech and figuring out its effects
on the recipient.