This research discusses the problem of drinking water shortage and
distribution instability in Salamyeh city due to the current crisis.
Salamyeh city dependents on Orontes River as a source for drinking
water through Hama water supply facility, wh
ich sufferes repeated
sabbotage attacks. As a result, an emergency measure was implemented
by depending on local water sources within the city, which are deep wells
that produce water of sulphuric nature.Three desalination plants were
provided to treat local sulphuric water producing suitable safe water, but
these plants production is way less than the city needs.
Al-Sourani Dam was built to provide drinking water for inhabited villages in Sheikh
Badr –Tartous, but the lake water is exposed to pollutants from several sources. In this
paper, we discuss the mechanism of pollution and the appropriate measures,
by
determining some physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water in different
sites.
The results showed that turbidity and pH values arise in the autumn and winter
especially in the water of tributaries compared with the water of the lake, this may be due
to the activated runoff following rainfall in this period. Whereas the ammonium ion
showed a significant increase in the lake's tail, that can be attributed to sewage residues
from Broummana Al-Mashaeikh that threw directly into the lake. The results also showed
remarkable seasonal changes concerning the total microorganisms in all studied sites,
where the highest value was recorded in winter that reached 5.36 × 104 cells / 100 ml in
Aine Alzaaror tributary.
we conclude that the main source of pollution of lake's water, was the polluted water
coming from Broummana Al-Mashaeikh, in addition to Aine Alzaaror tributary, that flows
near a restaurant. The second source is Al-Wade Alakhdar tributary that feeds permanently
the lake. So, the lake's water should be sterilized before using for drinking.
The research aims to assess the water quality of Alkaber Alshemaly River through
field and laboratory study included identifying each of the following variables: dissolved
oxygen (DO), carbonic biochemical oxygen demand(CBOD), and the river tempera
ture,
electrical conductivity (Cond). We have also modeled two important water-quality
variables (DO and BOD) using QUAL2K river and stream surface water-quality model.
The studied part of the river is an area located between 16 October dam and Alegnsa,
where we have five sampling sites. The field and laboratory study showed increase in D.O
values to reach the highest values in the months of March, April, January and February,
and the lowest values were recorded in the months of July, August, September in all
sampling sites. As a final result all D.O values in all locations were higher than the
minimum allowable 5 mg/l. For CBOD5 the highest values were recorded in the months of
June, July and August, and the lowest values were recorded in the months of March,
December, and January at all of the sites studied. In the case of D.O and CBOD, the
research showed a good correspondence between the model results and field values in the
months of March, January, and November, but the correspondence was relatively less in
August. In general, the study showed the possibility to use the QUAL2K model to
simulate rivers-water quality in Syria.
Groundwater is one of the major sources of exploitation in arid and semi-arid
regions, Thus for protecting groundwater quality, data on spatial and temporal distribution
are important. Geostatistics methods are one of the most advanced techniques f
or
interpolation of groundwater quality. In this research, IDW, Kriging methods were used for
predicting spatial distribution of nitrate NO3
-. Data were taken from 21 wells study within
eastern Damascus's Ghouta.
After normalization of data, variograme was drawn. The less RSS was used, so
Spherical model was the best. By using cross-validation and RMSE, the best method for
interpolation was selected; Results showed that Kriging method is superior to IDW
method.
there is a big spatial dependence for nitrate variable that amounts to 2.2 %. Finally,
maps of distribution of nitrate in groundwater were executed by Kriging method, in
addition to executed maps that show goodness of groundwater for drinking and irrigation.
Then it was prepared map of Probability Map of nitrate at threshold 50 mg/l.
Water quality in Mzereb lake was assessed during 2010-2011 by measuring
number of physical, chemical and microbiological parameters which are
important in determination water quality.
This research aims to study dynamics cyanobacteria population in the
Room reservoir (in the south Syria: Sweeda), which affected by water quality
environmental conditions, and seasonal. 17 genera where identified and their
dynamics studied monthly
during 2007, calculate the biomass of the prevail
genera. The bloom was occurred in October, and the value of diversity
coefficient was the highest in July in the Room reservoir, but didn't occurred in
the Jouelen reservoir.
