Optimum Design of C Section of Cold Formed Thin Walled Beam subjected to Pure Bending Using Genetic Algorithm

Cold formed steel (CFS) has many advantages over other construction materials. CFS members are lightweight. They weigh up to 30-35% less than their wood counterparts.. This makes CFS members economical and the same time very easy to erect and install. They may be shaped (cold-bent) to nearly any open cross section. This allows for the use of optimization technique’s to find optimal shapes for the members’ cross sections. The research aims to show the genetic algorithm's ability in determining the optimum dimensions cold formed C section. To do so, the optimum design mathematical formulation was formulated by adding the manufacturing constraints that reflect the section folding operations in addition the geometrical and structural constraints. The research found that the genetic algorithm is effective tool in finding the best solution to this issue, as it showed its ability to deal with asymmetric section through reaching solutions conform to the basic principles of mechanics of material. The algorithm is adjustable, so that it can implement the design restrictions which are compatible with any codes or any manufacturing requirements imposed by modulation techniques.

Thermal – Structural Behavior of Composite Bridges Under Fire

This paper presents structural analysis in using ANSYS programme for modeling of heat load then comparison between the analytical results and experimental results is performed .

The Role Of Minerals In The Creative Process By Picasso, Calder And Cesar

The huge technological advancement and the artist's enthusiasm for the development of original metallic sculpture using non-costly, accessible and natural material that provides sculpting work continuance and meets his/her innovative instinct as a reflection of their faithfulness, patience and technical seriousness. The sculptors of the twentieth century especially the talented artists as Picasso, calder and cesar chose metal thus translating their amazing skills, creativity and innovation in their works, and expanding their sculpted achievements in a close and reciprocal relationship between the monument and creativity clearly appears. In this research, we shed light on a summary of the most three dazzled artists in our age, not to forget that those three artists started with classical realism in their experience in metal works to end with modern sculpting including abstraction which is manifested in calder and cesar's new works. Their great works invaded the modern world, thus proving the close relationship between metal and artistic creativity in a statue.

Nitriding Double Composite Martensitic- Austenitic Alloy Steel

The thickness of the diffusion layers was studied, along with the phases and the microstructure and composition, across the depth in diffusion zone. The obtained results proved the effect of nitriding system in the growth of the diffusion layers on surface of double composite martensitic - austenitic alloy steel. Analysis of mechanical and tribological characteristics of treated double composite steel under dry friction was also studied. It was found that diffusion treatment had a significant influence on work capacity of tested alloy. Stability of alloy after nitriding was (2.5-4) times higher in magnitude compared to untreated alloy.

Aluminizing of Carbon Steel

This paper provides a mechanism to study aluminum diffusion microstructure, phase structure and different properties of the aluminized layer in carbon steel. The results of aluminized treatment in saturated medium lead to the formation of diffusion layer coating that contains iron aluminide and a- solid solution of aluminum in the unit cell of iron. The effect of aluminizing process parameters on the aluminizing layer, especially the effect of temperature and time, has been shown to increase the depth of the aluminized layer when temperature and time increase, but the effect of temperature is greater than time.