In this paper, we introduce the task of political coalition signal prediction from text, that is, the task of recognizing from the news coverage leading up to an election the (un)willingness of political parties to form a government coalition. We dec
ompose our problem into two related, but distinct tasks: (i) predicting whether a reported statement from a politician or a journalist refers to a potential coalition and (ii) predicting the polarity of the signal -- namely, whether the speaker is in favour of or against the coalition. For this, we explore the benefits of multi-task learning and investigate which setup and task formulation is best suited for each sub-task. We evaluate our approach, based on hand-coded newspaper articles, covering elections in three countries (Ireland, Germany, Austria) and two languages (English, German). Our results show that the multi-task learning approach can further improve results over a strong monolingual transfer learning baseline.
Prince Fakhruddin is the second of the princes who ruled
Lebanon and established the foundations of the modern
Lebanese state. Mount Lebanon enjoyed a degree of autonomy
within the Ottoman Empire. The history of the Principality is
primarily the history of the integration of Mount Lebanon, all
under the banner of the Ottoman authority, despite its
autonomy.
This paper presents the papal attempt to ally with the Mongols who aimed to achieve
two basic objectives: surround the Islamic world and spread the Christianity among the
Mongols in order to attract them on one hand and prevent their malice on the
other. At the
time the Mongols are attacking Baghdad, the Crusaders can attack Egypt. In order to
achieve that, the papal authority sent many reconciliations that began with John Alcaerbini
reconciliation followed by Andrei Lunga mission then Anselmo Ocelin mission. The
content of the messages of those reconciliations was the call to follow the Christianity and
to prevail peace between the Europeans and the Mongols, but the reaction of the Mongols
was disappointing because they asked the Pope and the King's of Europe to attend by
themselves and show their loyalty and obedience to them. However, these reconciliations
were not only restricted to the religious authority (the papacy), but also moved to the
political side, by the King Louis IX showing a great desire in allying with the Mongols and
sending several reconciliations to achieve it. But in vain, because it only assured to the
papal authority and the King Louis that the idea of alliance with the Mongols at that period
was impossible in the policy that the Mongols followed with all the world's population:
either by obedience or by war.
